As @
Blue said, the important thing is that even if you rule that raise dead does not override the 0 HP max, there is nothing in the description of the vampire bite that specifically states the spell does not work. You would simply be brought back to life with 0 HP. You can't gain that 1 HP because that would exceed the max. Since you are brought back to life with 0 HP, your HP cannot be reduced therefore you are not slain a second time.
Feel free to change the rule for your campaign if you want. In case I wasn't clear with my previous post, I may be doing so with long rest while unconscious mostly because I don't care and I'm not a slave to the letter of the rules.