No. I wouldn't build a barbarian with less than 14 dex. MAD is a known issue for 5e barbarians - one reason I'm not fond of the class, but increasing dex from 8 to 14 comes at a relatively low opportunity cost (depending on race), and shouldn't prevent maxing out STR and CON. And it has the side effect that most barbarians are respectable bow users. And there is little point in having dex higher than 14 either, medium armour > Unarmoured Defence.
As for fighters, they have lots and lots of options for dealing with ranged enemies that don't involve dexterity. And I already pointed out Eldritch Knights' ranged attacks key of intelligence (and later get access to Misty Step and Fly, that don't depend on any ability score). Thanks to extra attack a Battle Master is likely to land the occasional hit with a bow even with -1, and they don't need to do significant damage to Disarm, Trip or whatever Manoeuvre they chose. Or they can have a friendly wizard cast fly on them, or they can choose to play race with a helpful ability, such as aarakocra, aasimar, elf (high, eldadrin, shadar-kai), tiefling (variant), genasi (air, fire) or half elf (variant). It just requires the player to spend a moment thinking "what will I do if some enemy is flying around above my head shooting arrows at me?" There are lots of possible answers for any player who turns their brain on.
Paladins, they don't need to reach the enemy - it's a team game and paladin is a support class. A simple bless spell can make quite a difference to the party's effectiveness, and they should have the spell slot available since they can't Smite at range. And they can heal, generate defensive auras, and otherwise support the team.
But it's true that not all ability scores are created equal, in D&D they never have been, and they don't need to be. After all, why would anyone who wasn't dumb choose a career as an adventurer?!
