That would be tough if you restrict to just "animals", I think. But it's an intersting thing to think about!
With a quick glance, it seems the only SRD animal that can advance even close to CR20 is giant squid, which technically tops out at CR17-ish, I think (and, caveat, I might be grossly overestimating that, since I'm not actually looking at advancement rules!). Maybe it could be toughened into a "dire" squid with lots of extra HD and natural armor, and maybe extra arms to put it up to CR20? But it's still an animal, without all the magic and feats/abilities of other CR20 creatures--and therefore prolly not really CR20! At that point, may as well just use a kraken
More straightforward might be a EL20 encounter of several lesser animals. An advanced dire tiger I think tops out around CR15-ish? I guess a handful of those would be nasty, especially if they have some sort of template making them smarter and giving immunities/DR/SR/etc.
Or, a herd of advanced elephants or rhinos maybe? If you want to throw on the fiendish template, it might be doable... and possibly still dangerous to high-level PCs. If an advanced elephant tops out at CR9-10ish, somehow make it "dire" or fiendish, to CR11. Then a herd of 12 or 16 would be pushing EL20. Give them all some sort of rage ability to put them over the top?
Of course, the encounter locale can account for a lot, as well. Put the squid is fight near an underwater volcano, with lots of random plumes of steam and explosions that can throw/stun/deafen PCs. The tigers might be encountered in a jungle ruin, with falling masonry/columns and vines of near-unbreakable, damage-dealing "adamanthorn flowers". Make the herd of elephants mastadons, and the environment is slushy, semi-melted tundra with lots of quicksand/quickslush, in a driving sleet storm.
If nothing else, I understand head-mounted lasers is a good way to make animals a respectable threat!
