Depending on my mood when starting a campaign, I'll either go for something that sounds right to the ear (i.e. make it up) or just accept that most ancient cultures named things pretty simply.
Sounds right:
* Kheptu
* Tennek
* Hordi
* Garro
* Ran Ho-bin
Simple/untranslated:
* Khep's Seat (the capital)
* Oceanport (the eastern port city)
* Amberport (the western port city, the drier climate makes the land appear more yellow)
* West Branch (midway along the west branch of the river, towards Amberport)
* Foot of the Rising Sun (in those eastern mountains)
* Greenmarch (that eastern most town that looks like it'd be the first line of defense from anyone attacking from the northeast)