The old 2e Planescape setting should have some. IIRC there was a Planes of Chaos supplement with some short adventures set on the planes it details. You might be able to find it on dndclassics.com.
EDIT: Yes, the 2e Planes of Chaos box set came with a booklet containing adventures set on the Abyss, Arborea, Limbo, Pandemonium, and Ysgard. There are three adventures for each plane - one for low levels, one for medium levels, and one for high levels.
The Planescape adventure anthologies Doors to the Unknown, Tales from the Infinite Staircase, and Well of Worlds might also have some adventures set on the chaotic planes.