D&D General What is D&D?

There's an interesting corollary to this, which is that sometimes (even among adults) a newcomer to tabletop RPGs will simply bypass the rules entirely, engaging directly with the game-world in terms of what they want their characters to do, e.g. "I rush forward, slide under the table, and kick the gremlin into the fireplace!"

I say that's interesting because, at least until they've grown more comfortable/knowledgeable regarding the actual game rules, they tend to rely on more experienced players to figure out how that works (if it works at all) under the task-resolution system being used. In my experience, how permissive those players are tends to be something of a make-or-break moment for how much the newcomer(s) enjoy TTRPGs going forward.
I love playing with people in that stage of learning the game. There’s a beautiful purity to their engagement with the fiction, just indulging in the “you really can do anything you want, just describe it and I’ll tell you what dice to roll when” freedom, before they start to get enough familiarity with the system to start thinking in terms of what their character “can do” according to their character sheet.
 

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Okay, but all games are like that.

My old Star Wars Monopoly game can't be played unless there are players to play it. The rules, the pieces, they just sit there doing nothing! Clearly every boardgame is actually a game engine awaiting players to allow it to actually be a game!

This argument strikes me as being unnecessary, unproductive pedantry.

Having a specific list of items that people can use? That's rules for actually playing a game. Having a metric for defining what bonuses a player might receive to their actions attempted? That's an engine component.

D&D is not like Unity. It simply, flatly isn't.

If anything, it's like the game previously mentioned. Mario Maker. If it were actually a game engine, something which can be used to develop a game, you would not have hard-coded elements period, other than genuine deep strata stuff, like "no integers larger than 2^64-1" or similar. Mario Maker is a game, with two primary modes of play: construction, and platforming. The construction game is effectively single-player, with the goal of creating levels people would find interesting or worthy (funny, challenging, creative, etc.). The platforming game can be either single or multiplayer, and has the goal of successfully completing the route to victory of whatever level one is playing. Someone trying to think through the design of a troll level, for example, might go hours without using a single "rule", without pushing any buttons other than ones that move the camera around. And yet they would still unquestionably be seen as "playing Mario Maker".

Now, if you want to claim that D&D is like a game console, that would be a vastly different, and better yet, vastly more interesting question. Consoles are difficult to modify, but you can mod them. Consoles often create an "environment" that promotes certain cultural elements and deflects or suppresses others. Consoles often do draw loyalty from their player base, a loyalty that often drives conflict with those loyal to something else. Consoles can be used to run a huge swathe of games, but because the fundamental hardware is (mostly) unchanging, all of the games run on a given console will share common limitations. (Consider the memory limits of the original Game Boy and what this did to Gameboy games; Pokemon is in part such a buggy mess because it had to squeeze into such a tiny cart.)

If that discussion sounds interesting, awesome, I'd love to have it. But if you're set on this "no, D&D is an engine, definitely not a game" line, I don't think you're going to see me budge. It's pretty obvious that D&D is very much a game.
I do think Mario Maker is a better analogy than Unity or whatever.
 

Wait, what?

The definition of an RPG as Game Design Engine can be stated:

This is irrelevant - the statement I have objected to is not about what is or is not a game engine, it's "D&D is not a game". What is relevant are the definitions of "game" and "D&D". We need to know the exact definition of both that are being used, and also why we should accept your idiosyncratic definition over the dictionary and/or common usage.

If I take a definition of 'game' and determine that almost nothing that is called 'games' qualify as a game, I'm not going to accept that definition because the definition is clearly absurd, and is not useful for communicating with other humans.

So, I'm frankly rather baffled why you think there's ambiguity here. Games don't qualify as RPG's for the simple fact that games ALWAYS stipulate the initial set up and moves.

This gets closer to giving a definition of a 'game', but runs into the problem that almost none of the things commonly considered games qualify as games under the definition.

Lots of games don't stipulate initial setup - Chess is played with a variety of different starting positions, so doesn't specify an initial setup. Chess also includes different methods for determining which player plays which color. Axis and Allies 1942 specifies one setup in the core rules, but tournaments and online ranked version use a different setup.

Not all games have 'moves' - Poker, Bridge, and Go Fish, ad traditional card games in general don't have movement as a mechanic so don't specify any moves. Some like Poker doesn't set initial conditions or victory within the core game rules - Hoyle's doesn't tell you how much money or how many chips you have at the table, or how to 'win' or 'lose' at poker as a whole rather than individual hands.


RPG's don't qualify as games because RPG's outright reject that setup. Now, the GAME comes in once you have created your campaign.

The rules for creating a campaign are part of the rules of the game, even if we limit "D&D" to the three core books of the current edition. So for this to be true, you'd need to define "D&D" in such a way that the part of the books about creating scenarios doesn't count. But you'll have to work pretty hard to justify it - I don't even accept your contention

Further, some versions of D&D include a scenario in the core package or core books, like the Starter Set and 1e rulebooks. So there is an actual scenario

I’ve been quite clear about the definition of game that I’m operating under, and it’s consistent with most definitions used in discussing game design and theory. Games are voluntary activities involving clear goals, restrictions surrounding the pursuit of those goals that create uncertainty in the outcome, and measurable feedback regarding progress towards those goals (which often includes a state of failure).

You haven't been clear, and aren't even within this post. You still haven't specified what exactly your definition of "D&D" is, and why other people should accept it. And when we apply your rules to determine "what is D&D" to games like Chess, Poker, Go-fish, tag, Skyrim, or The Sims, do we get consistent and sensible results, or do we break down into things like "we can't refer to Chess, we have to name every variant rule and every tournament and ranking format as one game and accept that Chess is not a game" and "we can't refer to Skyrim as a game, we have to name every single edition and every patch level and every mod combination as a different game".


What?? Where on earth did you get that idea? No, D&D isn’t a game because it does not inherently have goals or victory/loss conditions. Those must be set by the individual game (i.e. the adventure or the campaign) that the engine is being used to run.

What are the goals and win/loss conditions of Poker? What are the goals and win/loss conditions of Chess? Bear in mind that for consistency the goals and win/loss conditions need to apply universally, they can't be set by the individual game (including the table, tournament, or other grouping of people), as otherwise just like D&D they're not inherent to the game.

All of those games have goals and victory/loss conditions. That you can agree as players to change those parameters doesn’t mean the parameters didn’t initially exist as part of the game. And one could argue that changing those parameters results in a different game.

This directly contradicts your earlier claim that you're being quite clear about what qualifies as a game or not - 'one could argue' is the opposite of 'quite clear'. Are any of Chess, Poker, Go-fish, Axis and Allies, Skyrim, Tag, SimCity and other things like that 'games' or not under your allegedly clear definition? If they're not, your definition of 'game' is at odds with common usage, the dictionary, and simple utility for communication. If they are, then you've contradicted the part of your clear definition that says a game must have win/loss conditions, as they don't have a single set of win/loss conditions or goals.

That the parameters can be edited doesn’t change the fact that the initial parameters existed as an inherent part of the game. By changing them, you’re basically creating a new, similar but slightly different, game. You cannot play D&D without setting those parameters, because they aren’t an inherent part of the system, therefore I do not think the system can be considered a game.

FYI, I generally play D&D without a win/loss parameter specified beyond 'have fun playing', I go in to enjoy playing the game but don't have a win/loss at the end of a session. A campaign might end upon reaching a specific goal, but also we might just keep playing until people's schedules don't match up. So another problem with your definition is that you're telling people it's impossible for them to do something they commonly do.
 

As a TLDR: "Poker" is normally defined as a game. According to one definition of 'game' proffered, a game must specify initial setup, goals, and win/loss conditions. What are those for poker, and what is the source used to determine them? It appears that "Poker" does not qualify as a game under the definitions that state that "D&D isn't a game". (This also applies to a variety of other 'things that people call games', and the problems show that the definitions are either vague or at odds with common usage).
 

Lots of games don't stipulate initial setup - Chess is played with a variety of different starting positions, so doesn't specify an initial setup. Chess also includes different methods for determining which player plays which color. Axis and Allies 1942 specifies one setup in the core rules, but tournaments and online ranked version use a different setup.
That's not true.

Every single variation of Chess defines those starting positions before play starts. And, you must stipulate to the other players that you are playing those variations before play begins. Even in your own examples, the rules stipulate setup and those rules are agreed up before play can begin. If I try to play a tournament set up in an Axis and Allies 1942 game, the other players will stop me.

If I deal myself seven cards in a 5 card draw poker game, I think the other players might just object even though both are "Poker".
 

As a TLDR: "Poker" is normally defined as a game. According to one definition of 'game' proffered, a game must specify initial setup, goals, and win/loss conditions. What are those for poker, and what is the source used to determine them? It appears that "Poker" does not qualify as a game under the definitions that state that "D&D isn't a game". (This also applies to a variety of other 'things that people call games', and the problems show that the definitions are either vague or at odds with common usage).
When you say "poker" what are you referring to? 5 card draw? 7 card stud? Texas Hold'em? And of a thousand other variations of Poker that exist?

Can I mix and match different versions of Poker during a single game? You play Texas Hold'em and I'll play 7 Card Stud and we see who wins?

The buy in for a poker hand is defined by the ante, which is an agreed upon amount before play can begin. You cannot play poker unless you set the ante. The loss condition for any version of Poker is that you no longer have any money to play with.

So, in what way does Poker not function as a game?
 

When you say "poker" what are you referring to? 5 card draw? 7 card stud? Texas Hold'em? And of a thousand other variations of Poker that exist?

Can I mix and match different versions of Poker during a single game? You play Texas Hold'em and I'll play 7 Card Stud and we see who wins?

The buy in for a poker hand is defined by the ante, which is an agreed upon amount before play can begin. You cannot play poker unless you set the ante. The loss condition for any version of Poker is that you no longer have any money to play with.

So, in what way does Poker not function as a game?
Because if someone only tells you "we're playing poker", you don't know which poker. Just as you need the "scenario" component to permit the D&D game to proceed, you need to know the specific rules in order to play poker. So, without having enough context, which for D&D takes the form of "scenario" and for poker takes the form of variants and optional rules, you cannot play the game. Hence, poker (by the logic provided) "is not a game", because you need more information (and sometimes more materials) than just the name and deck, or even the win conditions, in order to play.

Consider that Balatro is, technically, a ridiculously-extended derivation from poker. Does this now mean "poker" is a "game engine" and not in any way at all a "game" itself?
 

Close, though I think comparing it to a game system is a little too broad.
Is it? Let's find out.
Okay, but all games are like that.

My old Star Wars Monopoly game can't be played unless there are players to play it.
Not players, but...
Now, if you want to claim that D&D is like a game console, that would be a vastly different, and better yet, vastly more interesting question.
Yes it is a gaming system more than a video game engine I think.

D&D is NES/SNES/etc.

It can do fantasy (Grayhawk/Forgotten Realms/DragonLance) and built for it:
Mario
Zelda

Sci-Fi/Space: (Spelljammer/Planescape)
Metroid
Star Fox

"Horror": (Ravenloft)
Castlevania

So without inserting a game cartridge (adventure/scenario/encounter), the game system (D&D) does nothing except sit there. But once you insert the game, the game system comes to life and you can play, even solo without other players, or with them.
 

Because if someone only tells you "we're playing poker", you don't know which poker. Just as you need the "scenario" component to permit the D&D game to proceed, you need to know the specific rules in order to play poker. So, without having enough context, which for D&D takes the form of "scenario" and for poker takes the form of variants and optional rules, you cannot play the game. Hence, poker (by the logic provided) "is not a game", because you need more information (and sometimes more materials) than just the name and deck, or even the win conditions, in order to play.

Consider that Balatro is, technically, a ridiculously-extended derivation from poker. Does this now mean "poker" is a "game engine" and not in any way at all a "game" itself?
Kinda, yeah. The structure of the deck and the ranking system of possible hands are the engine that all Poker variants (and a lot of other games like Belatro that use building Poker hands as a mechanic) run on.
 


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