A Deck of Cards is basically a d13 + 2 Jokers.
each number has a 7.69% attached to it instead of the 5% that a d20 has for each number.
You could have people play 2-cards at a time and add both numbers together, giving you a range of 2 to 20 (drop the face cards). This gives you a much better probability of getting middle numbers though.
You could (once again dropping the face cards) say that black cards are 1-10, and red cards are 11-20 (or vice-versa, whatever). You still only play one card at a time. This gives you the standard 1-20, with the same probabilities.
If you have them draw from the deck whenever they would roll, you can just treat it as dice.
If you let them draw a hand of cards, they have better control over when they play good and when they play bad. They'll likely save their 20s for in combat. You may want to change how criticals work in that scenario, so they can't CHOOSE when to have a critical.
You could assign special meanings to the face cards. Here's a simple suggestion of something possible (though by no means the only or most interesting way to do it - This is for the draw method, not for a hand of cards). If the total after the use of the face card results in your crit range before your ability modifiers and such, it's a critical.
Jack: +1, Draw Again.
Queen: +2, Draw Again
King:+3, Draw Again
Joker: Draw two more cards. Add them together.
Personally, I'd suggest you use two decks if you have more than 2 players.