A Fighter should be able to inflict the Frightened condition (such as via Intimidation, perhaps with a class feature that grants expertise or an advantage when used this way). A Fighter might be able to inflicted the Blinded condition, such as throwing sand within melee range.
Maybe a Fighter could shoot an arrow from a 100 feet away, to make the eye of a Dragon be Blinded. However, I dont like to see "loss of life or limb" unless the target is at zero hit points. Possibly, certain conditions could become possible if the target is already Bloodied.
Generally, a normal Fighter has the narrative plausibility to inflict conditions. It is a matter of implementing the flavor mechanically in balanced ways.