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<blockquote data-quote="pemerton" data-source="post: 8922212" data-attributes="member: 42582"><p>TL;DR Because Australia was a British colony and not an American one.</p><p></p><p>In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century in the UK, there were two main political groupings - the liberals and the conservatives. One moment that captures the contrast between them: the "People's Budget" crisis of 1910, in which the Liberal government got its social welfare budget through the House of Lords, and subsequently secured passage of the Parliament Act 1911 (which allows the House of Commons to legislate in defiance of the Lords if certain procedures are followed), in the context of a threat to have the King appoint sufficiently many Liberal peers to give the Liberals a majority in the Lords.</p><p></p><p>With the emergence of the Labour Party in the twentieth century, British politics became (roughly) three-cornered: Conservative, Labour, Liberal - although the modern Lib Dems suffered a bit following the ill-fated coalition with the Cameron Conservatives. (And I'll leave that at that, out of deference to board rules.)</p><p></p><p>At the time of federation in Australia (ie the end of the nineteenth century) there were four main political groupings: conservatives, protectionists (predominantly Victorian non-socialist progressives, comparable in many respects to US populists and Bull Moosers although perhaps a bit more genteel), free traders (predominantly New South Wales-driven progressive liberals, comparable in many respects to their British counterparts though perhaps a bit less genteel) and Labor (which adopted the US rather than British spelling).</p><p></p><p>As the power of Labor grew in the first decade or so of the twentieth century, and as a compromise on the national tariff was reached between the protectionists and free traders, politics coalesced into Labor vs anti-Labor. The latter have gone under various names - Fusion (ie of protectionist and free trade parties), then Liberal, then Nationalist (when Billy Hughes led a group of Labor members to the non-Labor side over the issue of conscription - despite this, conscription was not introduced and the Austalian army was the only all-volunteer force to fight in WWI), then later United Australia (also the result of a Labor leader moving to the non-Labor side, this time the crisis being due to the Depression rather than the War). After the UAP lost office, Robert Menzies rebuilt it as the Liberal Party, and then won the 1949 election and went on to be the longest serving PM in Australian history.</p><p></p><p>The contemporary Liberal Party is more conservative than Menzies's party in many (not all) respects, particularly after many of its most liberal members lost their seats in the most recent election: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teal_independents" target="_blank">Teal independents - Wikipedia</a>. My take on the teals is that they are a re-emergence of federation-era middle class anti-socialist progressives: again out of respect for board rules I won't set out any more details of my speculation about what anti-Labor is now fracturing.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="pemerton, post: 8922212, member: 42582"] TL;DR Because Australia was a British colony and not an American one. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century in the UK, there were two main political groupings - the liberals and the conservatives. One moment that captures the contrast between them: the "People's Budget" crisis of 1910, in which the Liberal government got its social welfare budget through the House of Lords, and subsequently secured passage of the Parliament Act 1911 (which allows the House of Commons to legislate in defiance of the Lords if certain procedures are followed), in the context of a threat to have the King appoint sufficiently many Liberal peers to give the Liberals a majority in the Lords. With the emergence of the Labour Party in the twentieth century, British politics became (roughly) three-cornered: Conservative, Labour, Liberal - although the modern Lib Dems suffered a bit following the ill-fated coalition with the Cameron Conservatives. (And I'll leave that at that, out of deference to board rules.) At the time of federation in Australia (ie the end of the nineteenth century) there were four main political groupings: conservatives, protectionists (predominantly Victorian non-socialist progressives, comparable in many respects to US populists and Bull Moosers although perhaps a bit more genteel), free traders (predominantly New South Wales-driven progressive liberals, comparable in many respects to their British counterparts though perhaps a bit less genteel) and Labor (which adopted the US rather than British spelling). As the power of Labor grew in the first decade or so of the twentieth century, and as a compromise on the national tariff was reached between the protectionists and free traders, politics coalesced into Labor vs anti-Labor. The latter have gone under various names - Fusion (ie of protectionist and free trade parties), then Liberal, then Nationalist (when Billy Hughes led a group of Labor members to the non-Labor side over the issue of conscription - despite this, conscription was not introduced and the Austalian army was the only all-volunteer force to fight in WWI), then later United Australia (also the result of a Labor leader moving to the non-Labor side, this time the crisis being due to the Depression rather than the War). After the UAP lost office, Robert Menzies rebuilt it as the Liberal Party, and then won the 1949 election and went on to be the longest serving PM in Australian history. The contemporary Liberal Party is more conservative than Menzies's party in many (not all) respects, particularly after many of its most liberal members lost their seats in the most recent election: [URL="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teal_independents"]Teal independents - Wikipedia[/URL]. My take on the teals is that they are a re-emergence of federation-era middle class anti-socialist progressives: again out of respect for board rules I won't set out any more details of my speculation about what anti-Labor is now fracturing. [/QUOTE]
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