3e had clearly defined size categories, where Medium was 4-8 feet, Large was 8-16, Huge 16-32, etc.
Size was measured either in height (for bipeds), or body length (minus tail) for non-bipeds. It could get a bit tricky if the creature was mostly tail (like a snake), but they tended to err on the side of length, so that a 9 foot long snake would be Large, even though it might have very little body mass compared to many Medium creatures. (That last part annoyed me, personally.)
The Draconomicon gave charts describing a variety of body dimensions for dragons of the various 10 types based on size categories. In order to convert this 5e--where all dragons of the same age are the same size category--one would have to reduce or increase these numbers for different dragons that are supposed to be smaller or larger than others. But the way 3e played fast and loose with the rules was by measuring the sizes of dragons by body length, but not counting necks and heads in that. So here's an example from the silver dragon entry. A Large silver dragon is described as having an overall length of 31', with a body length of 11 ft., a neck (and head) length of 9', and a tail length of 11'. That really ought to count as a 20' creature, which is clearly in the Huge category.
With the looser categories in 5e, I think I can probably use these sizes pretty much as is, after adjusting some of the species for relative size.
Of course, since 3e also had a Colossal size category, I have to take that into account. I tend to skip the Gargantuan entry and go straight to the Colossal entry. (I count the Gargantuan entry as a transitional size the dragon would have if woken up from a dormant state it uses to transition from adult to ancient.)
Random tidbit: 3e had 2 sizes smaller than Tiny (Diminuitive and Fine) and 1+ larger than Gargantuan (Colossal and the quasi-category of Colossal+). Since 5e just treats anything over Huge as Gargantuan, and says that the size it takes up is 20' x 20' or larger, the DM can assign any space and dimensions he wants to Gargantuan creatures.