I'm not a historian, but wasn't hiring and maintaining a large army to engage in a siege very expensive since you'd have to wait the enemy out?
I don't know, if my goal was to overrun a kingdom, and not to engage in some sort of spectacular set-piece of "let's wtfpwn this castle," I'd say getting the barbarian/orc/hobgoblin horde to sweep across the kingdom and raze it to the ground would be a lot more practical than spending the same amount of resources to fight it out with the wizards of the enemy over one small area.
So now the enemy has wizards defending the castle and going after the command structure, while "my" side is incapable of doing such?
Uh, no, they presumably would do the same thing -- since screwing around with aerial magic shows over the castle is about the least productive way to use magical geniuses, which at least one of them would eventually point out.
Also, I can't help but notice that your attack wizards are using what appears to be higher level spells to kill, dominate, and capture the enemy chain of command.
Uh, we're not engaged in any sort of battle here.
I just think the notion of staging some sort of superhero battle with wizards is unlikely. The Mage: The Awakening style of wizards, liches and the like acting with a great deal of advance planning, surgical strikes and with a ridiculous escalation of counter-measures and counter-counter-measures is a lot more likely. If I've learned how to even do something as relatively simple as fling a fireball, I'm going to know that being the target of such a thing is something I want to avoid at all costs. Anyone who tells me "hey, take this boulder, shrink it, cast Protection from Normal Missles, Fly and Invisibility and go drop it on a bunch of idiots in a castle" is getting turned into a frog.
Of course, as with the Shrink Item example above, I may be overestimating the amount of power needed to infiltrate and assassinate the enemy commanders. Can you provide some concrete details and strategies? Not that I doubt it could be done - I'd do it myself if I was running a battlegroup with wizards - but you were previously arguing that higher level spells would be uncommon.
A single NPC adventuring group doesn't require wizards willing to do the equivalent of the sort of adventures PCs go on all the time to be anything more than uncommon. A battalion of flying invisible boulder-droppers is a lot more wizard-intensive.
A ring of counterspells isn't very expensive for a 5th level character
It is for an army, since that 4,000 gold piece for each ring could buy a whole lot of foot soldiers. Heck, that'd probably be enough to get a whole tribe of Easterlings/neanderthals/gnolls or whatever tearing up the countryside. Because, remember, you'd need one of those rings for each of your wizards and the wizards would cost more besides.
only one of the ways I suggested for countering enemy dispellers, the other being to stay out of range of a medium range spell cast at CL 5 (150 foot range).
It's still a very showy and not terribly productive way to wage magical war. You can get a lot more bang for your gold piece in countless other ways.
Will there be nations that wage war in such a way? Sure. They'll be the ones that have all those ruins scattered all over the place and who were conquered by the winners who played smarter.