aramis erak
Legend
Not to re-rail this discussion on encounter distance, but I just wanted to answer the idea that a Balor being beaten by 6 level 7's is a failing in CR math. According to the encounter chart, the 22000 XP Balor that's a Medium encounter for a party of 4 level 19 PCs is a Deadly encounter for 6 level 7 PCs. Level 7 is the highest level where it's still in the Deadly category for a party of 6 as a solo encounter. The high level party does treat them as speedbumps, since they're expected to handle 5.5 similar encounters before calling it a day, while the larger level 7 party is still only supposed to manage about 2.75 of these. The High CR just means it can easily KO a lower leveled character, while the high encounter challenge (and deadly encounters get much higher than 1833 per PC vs 1700 deadly threshold) is only supposed to account for how much of the party's resources the encounter can be expected to take, and the chance for a PC to actually die to poor luck.
CR 19. 22,000 XP.
party of 6x 7th level PC's at 1700 allowed Difficulty Value EACH, for deadly. 6x1700=6000+4200=10200 DV
DV of encounter is XP/2, because party exceeds 5 PC's. Thus DV is 11000. That's only 800 DV into the Deadly range.
Most PC's can triumph (with losses) against up to 2x the deadly threshold, and cautious play and a little luck to DV's of triple.
It ain't broken. You just aren't calculating it right.