It's the ability modifier corresponding to the power's discipline. Psychoportation powers use d20 + Dex mod + Power level, Telepathy d20 + Cha mod + Power level, etc. The attack powers each specify a stat to use to set the DCs in their description.
There are a few variants of this from some of the psionics sourcebooks out there. In particular, the variant from If Thoughts Could Kill lets a psion pick two secondary disciplines. These use the ability modifier for the psion's primary discipline to set DCs for powers in those disciplines. So, for example, you could be a telepath with Metacreation and Psychoportation, and use your Charisma modifier for all Telepathy, Metacreation, and Psychoportation powers. That's a variant, though.