I think that the OP could have stated his/her point in a slightly less inflammatory manner, but there is an interesting question in there, I think - namely, why are D&D worlds not modern worlds of the sort that Weber, Marshall Hodgson etc describe? (And I would definitely look to Weber or Hodgson rather than Hayek or von Mises for a viable social theory of modern capitalism. They make the important point that you can't just wish the capitalist market, and the institutions that make it possible, into existence - they are socially grounded, and have a history.)
The issue, at least in my view, isn't one of "the West" (whatever that is) vs the others. It's about the subordination of human social formations to the pursuit of production unconstrained by value considerations other than efficiency. Weber calls it "rationalisation", Hodgson "technicalisation". In Hodgson's view, China came very close during the Sung period (and my understanding is that China enjoyed real economic growth during this period), but due to local "setbacks" failed to reach the point of self-sustaining technicalisation:
[N]ew concrete sorts of opportunity for social investment, hitherto impractical . . . , became practicable. . . Usually such activities had found sooner or later a point at which further cultural complexity was so subject to interruptions by historical accidents that it did not repay the risks it incurred. . . This was especially true in any field that required large-scale social investment of time or money, and hence freedom from such disorganization or arbitrary intervention as would disrupt the peace and social orderliness which such investment presupposed. . . By the end of the sixteenth century [in western Europe] just those kinds of calculative, innovative investment that were most dependent on freedom from social disruption were reaching levels rarely reached before that: that is, improvements in technical methods of achieving concrete, material ends by way of multiple, interdependent specialization. And, despite such disasters as the Thirty Years' War and the English Civil War, nothing happend to stop the process as a whole, especially in northwest Europe. A very similar process had been stopped in later Sung China under the nomad dynasties.
"The great Western Transmutation" in
Rethinking World History, pp 51-52.
Anyway, this suggests some ideas for explaining the absence of technicalisation in a D&D world - constant interruption to the requisite social processes, perhaps caused by the intervention of magic, or otherworldly beings, or just insufficient room to expand the agricultural base in an effective manner. The presence of demons, devils, orcs etc, makes any or all of these factors plausible.