Here is a timeline that I cobbled together for a B/X game. Feel free to use or ignore my notes in the margins as you see fit. The idea was to gain some inspiration from our own timeline.
Also, for an idea of one lucky tribe that has their own superior / magical weaponry, look up arsensic bronze.
Timeline
~130,000 years ago
• Last Ice Age begins.
• Earliest remains found of Homo neanderthalis.
- The Naga Kings fail in their mandate against the Jotun. Overwhelmed, the Naga Empire falls as the glaciers move southward.
~120,000 years ago
• Latest remains found (uncontested) of Homo erectus.
~72,000 years ago
• The Tonga supervolcano erupts. Approximately 10,000 breeding pairs of Homo sapiens survive.
- The battle between the Draconic and the Titanic reaches a critical point. As primal and monstrous forces war the mortal races are decimated.
- The ancestors of the elves are brought to their hidden valley and placed in magical slumber.
~50,000 years ago
• Great Leap Upward - After long, slow development of stone tools, the rate of innovation accelerates.
- The divine realms intervene. A majority of the mortal races side with divine patrons who provide some recourse against draconic and titanic forces.
~30,000 years ago
• Latest remains found of Homo neanderthalis.
- The mythic King Neander leads his people underground to escape the endless strife and grinding ice. As they venture even farther underground they encounter a benevolent primordial power that changes them into the dwarven race.
~27,000 years ago
• Latest remains found (contested) of Homo erectus.
~16,000 years ago
• The Ice Age ends and the glaciers retreat. Land compressed under tons of ice slowly rebounds changing the topography.
- The titans and dragons are finally defeated, imprisoned or neutralized by the divinely inspired mortal races.
~7,400 years ago
• City of Eridu founded in Mesopotamia.
• Beginning of bronze age.
~5,100 years ago
• Narmer unites upper and lower Egypt.
• Stonehenge built with earth and timber.
• Horses domesticated.
~4,600 years ago
• Stonehenge rebuilt in stone.
• Beginnings of Minoan civilization.
~3,600 years ago
• The Santorini volcano erupts.
~3,200 years ago
• Bronze Age Collapse – Bronze age settlements collapse for seemingly no reason. People are scattered and literacy is lost. Emergence of iron tools and weapons is thought to be a factor.
• Minoan civilization collapses.
- The Elves are awakened by their patron.
~2,500 years ago
• The founding of the Roman Republic.
~2,400 years ago
• Major Mayan cities founded.
• Maurya Empire founded (India).
• Alexander the Great founds his empire.
- Beginnings of Acheron and Thracian civilizations. These, along with a re-energized Stygia, from the three great empires of the time.
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~2,000 years ago
• Roman Republic becomes an empire.
~1,250 years ago
• Mayan society collapses.
• Western Roman Empire collapses.
~700 years ago
• Rise of the Triple Alliance (Aztecs).
~500 years ago
• Campaign start.