I taught a fencing class for years and one of my older students told me about a game called En-Garde that did something like this. It's not the board game from the 90's, but an older rpg, though I never looked into it.
I'd maybe go with Burning Wheel.
Some of my fencing students I turned on to RPGs, and with real world combatants sitting around the table we made a lot of house ruled to better reflect how combat works. After getting bogged down with rules that tried to simulate combat as close as we could, we had to back way off to make the game fun again. The current rule set flows pretty smoothly while allowing plenty of options for the players.