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Message: <blockquote data-quote="Sirith" data-source="post: 3953814" data-attributes="member: 54763">From what I know, the Celts who lived in Cisalpine Gaul (the northern part of Italy, south of the Alps) were pretty urbanized by the time the Romans came to conquer them. The same was already happening in Gaul itself by the time the Romans. The oppida (sg. oppidum, lage settlements defended by a stone and wood wall) were becoming more and more important as centres of power, trade and organized, mostly because the population continued to grow. In Alesia, for example, was an important major trading centre. In short, they started to organize themselves in a more political way, in states, with institutions. By the way, these states were still bases on tribal affiliation.So if I had to guess what the Gauls would have been like without the Romans coming over and conquering them, I'd say they would have followed the general idea of what was already happening: they would have become 'civilized' in a manner we recognize in the Romans. Perhaps with distinct differences, but the general idea would have been the same.In Britain the developments were less evolved than in Gaul by the time Caesar came. However, here there were also oppida started to emerge, coinage started to be used. The process was not as evolved, but they might have gone on doing what was already happening like in Gaul. This is the south of Britain though, which after Caesars attacks was starting to Romanize through trade and contacts with the continent even before the Romans came again and actually settled in Britain.About the Anglo-Saxon invasions, I'm afraid I didn't take much note in the course I took at university, and I don't feel like reading it all over again <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/joypixels/assets/8.0/png/unicode/64/1f61b.png" class="smilie smilie--emoji" loading="lazy" width="64" height="64" alt=":P" title="Stick out tongue    :P"  data-smilie="7"data-shortname=":P" />. Try Haywoods Historical Atlas of the Celtic World, if you're interested in an overview of what the Celts were up to throughout history.</blockquote>

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