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Message: <blockquote data-quote="Mistwell" data-source="post: 525948" data-attributes="member: 2525">More to add to list:28. Improved Combat ThrowQ: [The Improved Combat Throw feat indicates that it counts as an attack of opportunity.] Is this assuming that the character is "armed" (melee or unarmed with CMA) when using this feat, or is this a special circumstance where an unarmed character is allowed an attack of opportunity? If this is an assumption, how would this be best clarified? Would this AoO trip draw an attack of opportunity if the character is not "armed" (i.e., unarmed without CMA) and does not have the Improved Trip feat?A: That last sentence should be "This counts as an attack of opportunity, which you can make even if you are unarmed."29. Defensive rollQ: Can [defensive roll] be used to avoid the effects of a failed Fort save check due to massive damage? Or would it only apply if the damage dealt was sufficient to drop the character to 0 or fewer HP by itself? Would it have any effect on a non-lethal massive damage failed check (i.e., could the character change the effect of the knockout to just being dazed)? A: Defensive roll does not interact with hit point loss due to massive damage, any more than it interacts with hit point loss due to poison.  It applies only to the actual hit point damage dealt by an attack.  It does not interact with nonlethal damage.Q: Not bringing massive damage into the question, can Defensive Roll be used when the character is flat-footed? A: Yes it can. The only time it can't be used is when the character is immobilized.30. Concentration SkillQ: Can one make Concentration checks with non-skill actions to avoid an attack of opportunity? Obviously spell-casting is allowed to be done defensively, but what about other non-movement actions. Such as, picking up a weapon, drawing something from a backpack, drinking a potion and the big one, attacking an armed opponent while unarmed.A: OK, in looking over the Concentration skill description, I can see how it might be a bit confusing. Here's an alternate version of the relevant text for the skill; hopefully it's a bit clearer:Check: You make a Concentration check whenever you may potentially be distracted while engaged in some action that requires your full attention (such as making a Disable Device or Treat Injury check). Situations such as taking damage, working in a bouncing vehicle, or dealing with severe weather can require you to make a Concentration check.If the Concentration check succeeds, you may continue with the action. If the Concentration check fails, the action automatically fails (with the appropriate ramifications, if any), and the action is wasted.A successful Concentration check still doesn't allow you to take 10 when you are in a stressful situation; you must roll the check as normal.Special: You can use Concentration to avoid attacks of opportunity when attempting a skill check that normally provokes attacks of opportunity. The DC to do so is 15.If the Concentration check succeeds, you may attempt the action normally without incurring any attacks of opportunity. If the Concentration check fails, the related check automatically fails just as if your concentration had been disrupted by a distraction. You do not provoke attacks of opportunity, however.This use of Concentration applies only to skill checks. It does not apply to other actions that normally provoke attacks of opportunity, such as movement or making unarmed attacks.31. ShieldsQ: While not normally a common piece of equipment for a modern day character, riot shields, capture shields, and various other shields still do find the occasional use, and I was wondering how they are meant to be handled. I noticed no 'shield proficiency' feat off-hand. Should I have one if shields are to play any role in the game, or do they fall under one of the existing armor proficiencies? Do they still provide an armor class/defense bonus, or are shields simply considered 'cover', like the D&D tower shields?A: Shields work the same in d20 Modern as in D&D. A character proficient in medium or heavy armor is proficient with shields.  You'll see a fair bit more on shields in Urban Arcana.32. Drive stuntsQ: It says that the driver of a vehicle can do up to 2 stunts during movement, if no attack action is taken. However, in the description of 'dash' and 'hard brake'(or whatever it's called) it tells the total possible change in movement categories as if it were only possible to do that stunt once in a round. I would appreciate some clarification on this matter.A: A vehicle cannot increase speed more than two speed categories per round, and cannot decrease speed more than three speed categories per round. Thus, you can only succeed in one dash or hard brake stunt per round. However, if you attempt a dash, and fail, you can use your second stunt to attempt it again.</blockquote>

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