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Message: <blockquote data-quote="Alhazred" data-source="post: 1569118" data-attributes="member: 19335">The Reformation.  Officially began 31 October 1517 with Martin Luther nailing his 99 Theses (not feces, as a student of mine once said) to the door of the Wittenberg Catheral.  Even before 1517, there were several emerging anti-Catholic and reform-Catholic sects, the Inquisition and witch trials.  England's War of the Roses, the rise of the Tudor, Henry VIII assumes the English throne in 1509 and initiates English Reformation in c1529; France, Enlgand, the German states, the Netherlands, Spain and Portugal (all right, most of Western Europe) begin a century's worth of religious wars at this time; discovery of the New World and Cortes' conquest of Mexico in 1519; rise and expansion of the merchant princes; emerging concepts of nationalism and national identity.  And a lot more.Good luck.</blockquote>