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Speed of Light question
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<blockquote data-quote="Umbran" data-source="post: 2690857" data-attributes="member: 177"><p>It isn't "drifiting out" of the hole.</p><p></p><p>In QM, a particle-antiparticle pair can be created out of nothingness for a short time. Generally, they fly apart and come back together in the smallest fraction of a second, annihilate each other, and are gone, and the Universe is none the wiser.</p><p></p><p>When this happens just outside the black hole, you can have the problem that occasionally, they'll fly apart - and one of them will go across the Event Horizon, and the other won't. It doesn't fall into the hole, and it doesn't annihilate with it's partner. It just flies off into space, as if teh hole had emitted it. </p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p>Do not confuse "spin" with "orbit". A top spins aroudn it's axis. The Earth spins on its axis to produce day and night. The Earth also orbits around the Sun. Rotation and orbiting are two separate things.</p><p></p><p>Our moon does spin. The moon is what we call "tidally locked" - it has a period of spin exactly one monthlong, so that it always has one side facing us.</p><p></p><p>A black hole may rotate because the star from which it formed rotated. Our Universe likes to conserve angular momentum, so spinning things tend to keep spinning unless somethign slows them down. There's nothing in the process of becoming a black hole that would eliminate spin - so, if the star was spinning before it went supernova, the resulting black hole will also spin. Spin has little to do with "unpredictability". </p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p>You can imagine a black hole as a balloon, with a dot down in it's center. The "singularity" is a mathematical point at the very center of the black hole. The "event horizon" is the surface of a sphere around the singularity. From within the sphere, no light can ever hope to escape to the rest of the Universe - so that sphere will appear black. We can see nothing within the hole at all.</p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p>Like everything else, light that finds itself within the event horizon can never escape again. It has only one way to go - down to the singularity. It can take its time getting there, but eventually, it must go to the center.</p><p></p><p>Now, to be honest, nobody can truly say what goes on inside the event horizon. Because no signal can ever get out of the hole, we can't get a picture of what happens inside. But there's no reason to think that the light speeds up as if falls inwards. The basic laws of physics still hold for most of the way down to the signularity. Only very, very close to the mathematical point do we lose grasp of what goes on.</p><p></p><p>About light - one can consider it this way:</p><p>If a thing has mass, it can have energy associated with it's motion, called kinetic energy. The kineic energy of an object is 1/2 * M * V^2 (one half times it's mass times the square of it's velocity). An object with mass can gain or lose energy by speeding up or slowing down.</p><p></p><p>Light has no mass. I has a kinetic energy of zero, always. It cannot gain energy by speeding up, nor lose energy by slowing down. If it has to change energy, it has to do it some other way (usually by changing frequency).</p><p></p><p>Now, here's the rub - if light could speed up or slow down, you wouldn't have black holes. The base assumptions that lead to the existance of black holes include the speed of light being a constant.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Umbran, post: 2690857, member: 177"] It isn't "drifiting out" of the hole. In QM, a particle-antiparticle pair can be created out of nothingness for a short time. Generally, they fly apart and come back together in the smallest fraction of a second, annihilate each other, and are gone, and the Universe is none the wiser. When this happens just outside the black hole, you can have the problem that occasionally, they'll fly apart - and one of them will go across the Event Horizon, and the other won't. It doesn't fall into the hole, and it doesn't annihilate with it's partner. It just flies off into space, as if teh hole had emitted it. Do not confuse "spin" with "orbit". A top spins aroudn it's axis. The Earth spins on its axis to produce day and night. The Earth also orbits around the Sun. Rotation and orbiting are two separate things. Our moon does spin. The moon is what we call "tidally locked" - it has a period of spin exactly one monthlong, so that it always has one side facing us. A black hole may rotate because the star from which it formed rotated. Our Universe likes to conserve angular momentum, so spinning things tend to keep spinning unless somethign slows them down. There's nothing in the process of becoming a black hole that would eliminate spin - so, if the star was spinning before it went supernova, the resulting black hole will also spin. Spin has little to do with "unpredictability". You can imagine a black hole as a balloon, with a dot down in it's center. The "singularity" is a mathematical point at the very center of the black hole. The "event horizon" is the surface of a sphere around the singularity. From within the sphere, no light can ever hope to escape to the rest of the Universe - so that sphere will appear black. We can see nothing within the hole at all. Like everything else, light that finds itself within the event horizon can never escape again. It has only one way to go - down to the singularity. It can take its time getting there, but eventually, it must go to the center. Now, to be honest, nobody can truly say what goes on inside the event horizon. Because no signal can ever get out of the hole, we can't get a picture of what happens inside. But there's no reason to think that the light speeds up as if falls inwards. The basic laws of physics still hold for most of the way down to the signularity. Only very, very close to the mathematical point do we lose grasp of what goes on. About light - one can consider it this way: If a thing has mass, it can have energy associated with it's motion, called kinetic energy. The kineic energy of an object is 1/2 * M * V^2 (one half times it's mass times the square of it's velocity). An object with mass can gain or lose energy by speeding up or slowing down. Light has no mass. I has a kinetic energy of zero, always. It cannot gain energy by speeding up, nor lose energy by slowing down. If it has to change energy, it has to do it some other way (usually by changing frequency). Now, here's the rub - if light could speed up or slow down, you wouldn't have black holes. The base assumptions that lead to the existance of black holes include the speed of light being a constant. [/QUOTE]
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