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Message: <blockquote data-quote="Bullgrit" data-source="post: 6242955" data-attributes="member: 31216">Branching off from the Canada is as cold as Mars discussion:[Note: All season mentions here are relative to the northern hemisphere -- where all sane people live <img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/joypixels/assets/8.0/png/unicode/64/1f61b.png" class="smilie smilie--emoji" loading="lazy" width="64" height="64" alt=":-P" title="Stick out tongue    :-P"  data-smilie="7"data-shortname=":-P" /> ]It boggles me how in the winter, Earth is more than 3 million -- MILLIONS -- miles closer to the Sun than it is in the summer, yet it's so much colder. And vice versa, Earth is 3 million miles further away in the summer, yet it's hotter. It amazes me how the 23 degree tilt of Earth makes more difference than the millions of miles distance.I have questions: How far would Earth's orbit have to vary for distance to have more impact on temperature than the axial tilt?The Wikipedia article on circumstellar habital zone says, "A planet cannot have a hydrosphere—a key ingredient for the formation of carbon-based life—unless there is a source for water within its stellar system." I've seen this concept mentioned before in other places, and like the idea of "where did life on Earth come from," I always wonder: Why did water/life have to come from somewhere off Earth? If water/life on Earth couldn't originate on Earth, how could it originate anywhere?What would Mar's climate(s) be like if it had a similar atmosphere to Earth?How much does size matter in whether life can form/exist on another body?Any good books that talk about these questions?Should I just find a university class to take? What class name should I look for? Astrophysics?Bullgrit</blockquote>

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