Drifter Bob
First Post
S'mon said:Well contemplating the severe risk that you'll be killed or maimed does tend to inculcate mixed feelings... but from everything I've read, including veterans' accounts, I'd say there was quite a remarkable degree of agreement among American service personnel that the enemy was evil and the war worth fighting. I'm sure not everyone agreed, certainly there was a good deal of pro-German sentiment among German-Americans in the USA, but it seems like most people did to an extent rarely seen before or since. Of course the Germans also saw WW2 as a patriotic fight against evil (the USSR), and the Russians saw it as a patriotic fight against evil (the Third Reich).
I've read a lot of first hand accounts of WW II, and the first part of your statement is the key. People today just don't have a realistic grasp of what war on that scale meant. According to WARTIME, by Paul Fussell, the average US infantry division in Europe replaced 150% of it's combat troops, and over 250% of it's junior officers from June of 1944 through January of 1945. That does not include divisions which were 'combat reduced' i.e. destroyed as a unit, as quite a few were, for example a dozen or so at the battle of the bulge. In other words, a typical unit of 10,000 or so troops, would have gone through 15,000 replacements in that time period. Think about it.
Since no country in WW II could afford to have the kind of rotation policies developed in later wars, once put into the line, you were there until the end. The chances of surviving were very slim. Your only way out was if the war ended, you died, you were maimed (anything less than a cripping injury would get you put back into the line) or you were captured.
Troops on all sides knew that front line duty was a death sentance. Most of the Germans were aware they had lost the war from the time of Stalingrad in WW II until the bitter end in 1945. The Soviets.... well, the Soviets lost 20 million people during the war.... the UK lost so many people so early on that by the time the U.S. came into it, they couldn't afford to fight with the aggressive tactics demanded by U.S. doctrine, leading to conflicts between top Allied generals. For the U.S., the biggest problems were inexperience especially of leadership, and the horrible replacement system.
I saw a U.S. WWII veteran on the History Channel the other day describing how his unit recieved replacements one day for a destroyed tank company (about 20 tanks). The replacements turned out to have been trained as infantry and as rear area personell (cooks, clerks etc.). So they divided them into groups of five, assigned each a tank, gave them a few hours to learn to drive the thing, showed them how to use the radio, allowed them each to fire three rounds, and sent them down the road to face the panzers. As they followed down the same road that evening, he saw 17 knocked out sherman tanks.
In U.S. infantry units, it was common for the veteran soldiers to refuse to even talk to replacements, who they resented because they died so quickly.
I reccomend reading Paul Fussels Wartime, or watchin the recent film "When Trumpets Fade" which is about the battle for the Hurtgen Forest.
DB