I did it twice to my party in the same campaign.
The first time around was with the group's paladin, Mordor, back in 1E/2E. Mordor was already a powerful character, and the background we'd rolled up for him had him as the son of Baron (whose influence he'd use to great effect several times already). He'd hit 4th level and rolled on the mount table, earning him a Bronze Dragon mount. I wasn't about to have that sort of firepower just show up on the doorstep, so he had to go on a quest - culminating in a solo fight for the dragon against his evil twin, Rondor. His twin had beaten him to the dragon, but Mordor was eventually victorious, shoving his flying evil twin of the dragon's back. The body, of course, couldn't be found. A few game years later, when the party had reached about 14th level, Rondor showed back up again, having poisoned their father while Mordor was away (see the second paragraph for where he'd been) and having duped the Barony into believing he was Mordor. Again, Rondor was defeated, but his backstory was also revealed - his mother had made a deal with an evil wizard in order to bear the Baron an heir, but in return the Baron's wife was to give the second-born to the wizard. The Baron's wife had intended to cheat the wizard by bearing no more children after the first, but the magic the wizard had laid upon her caused her to have twins - one with all the good distilled into his essence (Mordor) and the other all the evil (Rondor). The wizard had taken Rondor, always with the intent to raise the child to usurp his father and be a puppet through which the wizard could manipulate the Barony.
In the second instance, my brother was playing an elvin fighter/wizard, named Link (yep...he did that). When the party hit about 9th level and he was slated to gain followers and a keep, he was instead approached by a elf dressed in strange clothing and speaking with a strange accent. The stranger, Finwe, startled the entire party by addressing Link as "Prince". To his shock, Link discovered that his true name was Allum (Prince) Al'Nakthon and this stranger was his twin brother's manservant who had come seeking him to help with a crisis, and learned about his past. As it turned out, elvin births are rare - and twins are almost unheard of. As such, the elvin rules of inheritance tend to break when twins are born, and Link was the son of the king of Elvin lands. Had his birth been revealed the many years ago, it would have caused havoc in the kingdom, so he was secreted out of the kingdom under the care of servants loyal to the king - taken half a continent away where his existence would never be known or acknowledged. Link's brother, Allum (Prince) Ga'thalon had been raised and groomed to rule, unaware of his brother's existence. But Ga'thalon had vanished, and with no apparent heir to replace him, the kingdom was in an even more tedious state. Finwe begged Link to return with him to the kingdom to act in his brother's stead until the fate of the twin could be discerned. After some coaxing, Link agreed - whereupon the party found themselves drawn into a political web of intrigue that eventually outed a drow plot to attempt to destabilize the kingdom. Link & Co. were able to unravel the plot and get to the heart of it, including a battle with his twin who'd been turned into a mindless sorcerer drider under Lolth's control. The party attempted to subdue and capture Ga'thalon in the hopes of transforming him back, but the party rogue (a Halfling named Roflon) had other plans, and killed the drider Ga'thalon with a soulstealer blade, making resurrection impossible. The rogue passed it off as an "accident" thinking he'd had another blade in hand, but he wanted Link/Al'Nakthon on the throne simply because he knew he could ask for favors from his adventuring cohort and would likely get them approved. After revealing the plot, Link remained as King of the Elves for about six months, before abdicating the throne to a cousin in return for a small keep and some men-at-arms, half a continent away and far away from the vicious politics and plots of the Elvin court.