Hey Fenes;
I know that 4e doesn't work for you. That's cool. What I'm arguing is that you don't have to get into the trap of retconning wounds and damage if you don't want to.
Let's look at the sample of play proposed and I'll tell you how I'd deal with it. I'll bold the text I add.
Player: "X is down? What do his wounds look like? bleeding, or just knocked out? If the later, I keep attacking the enemies, he'll get up on his own."
DM: "You can't tell."
Player: "I am next to him, and the enemy is wielding a waraxe. So, X just got hit "somewhere, somehow", no clues about his wounds? No blood fountain?"
DM: "You have to spend an action to check."
Player: "I just want to know if he's bleeding much, or has obvious wounds."
DM: "He's bleeding from a gash on his head."
Player: "Ah, then it's either not really serious, or too serious to do anything without magic. I'll kill the enemy, then we'll wake X up - or bury him."
DM: You're a warlord, you could heal him.
Player: He's unconscious, he can't hear my encouraging words, and if such words would be enough to raise him he'll be fine anyway.
DM: He's on the ground, in a deep fog, but he can still hear your words.*
DM: He might die without treatment!
Player: I am no cleric, I don't do healing magic.
DM: But an Inspiring Word will allow him to stand up, shake his head clear of the cobwebs, and give him the strength to fight on!**
After the fight, X still has a big gash on his head; if he has any healing surges left, he can describe binding the wound (while the Warlord claps him on the back for some extra motivation), and a quick word or two: "How you feeling, X?" "Well, my head feels like Bane's been using it as target practice, but not as bad as after you make your Hellfell Shadowspawn chili!". Or if he doesn't have any healing surges left, and there's no other healing available, he might describe binding the wound and struggling on, weak and exhausted but ready to fight.
(You could even describe the wound in the same way in both cases, even if he's just down 4 healing surges and at full hp: dazed, weak, exhausted, but willing to carry on.)
Either way, the wound doesn't disappear, which might be important later on in the game (NPC: <points at the soiled bandage> "You look like you've been through hell. I told you not to engage the enemy!").
* - The Unconcious condition means a few things, but going deaf isn't one of them, so we're cool there. I could describe the PC going down and out, but I probably wouldn't do that often if there was a Warlord in the party; and even if I did, I'd say something like "Somewhere, deep in the blackness, a part of X hears your words. His vision clears, your voice guiding him back to conciousness."
** - Warlords are a new addition to the D&D world/genre, so you have to make allowances. Words are important in 4e and can sap the fight out of someone (psychic damage) and they can give someone the will to fight on (Inspiring Word, etc). This might not be to everyone's taste, but it's a part of the 4e world.