They all, however, deal with issues of identity, particularly in contrast with changing culture. Either the world changing around the protagonist, or the protagonist changing beyond the pace of the world. What does it mean to be human? What is moral and/or ethical?
The more I think through sci-fi stories I can bring to mind, the more common this one trait is: It asks a question that touches on ethics, morality, choice, or identity, and tries to explore how that question can be answered.
Fantasy, on the other hand, does not. It never tries to question the self; rather, it tries to manifest the inner self. Farm boy to hero. Believe in yourself. Destiny. Morality is simple; it's assumed to be true. You're the hero, and must defeat the enemy. It's a matter of holding onto your morals, and avoiding being corrupted (eg: Lord of the Rings).
I know you said this isn't a research paper, and my response obviously isn't, but this is just wrong.
Not only do we have JRR Tolkien's work which in part is a reflection on the War and industrialization, even things like The Wizard of Oz is full of allegories of a changing culture and people's place within it. Heck, I've never read it, but I'd guarantee that A Song of Fire and Ice deals heavily in Moral and Ethical questions.
On my bookshelf I have The Hollows series, The Mercy Thompson series, and the Kate Daniels series all of which deals with how humanity might react to magic appearing in the world, and touch on issues of class, various -isms that divide us (race, sex, gender, wealth, ect) and people just struggling to find their own place in the world.
The Stormlight Archive has no good and evil (even the big omnipotent evil force is actually just the emotion of Passion taken to the extreme) and focuses on how broken people try to hold themselves together and reach towards a moral ideal, even though they will always fall short.
Another one I've never read, but The Black Company certainly has never sounded like something with Destiny and simple morality.
And Sci-Fi? I'm not familiar with many sci-fi books, but let us take a moment for science fiction movies.
Pacific Rim? A straight Good vs Evil believe in yourself story.
Independence Day? Same thing
Avatar? Seems pretty simplistic in its presentation of morality.
Transformers? Heck, Power Rangers has some series that are completely science fiction, with no magic just "alien technology" like the Chrono-Rangers or Light Speed Rescue.
You may decide to argue that none of these simple Sci-Fi stories are "good" science fiction, but they are science fiction. And I'm sure if I went out on Amazon and looked for "valiant humanity fighting against the alien threat" I'd find quite a few black and white tales that don't try and make any deep statements.
Both genres have both sides, this is not a way to distinguish between them.