This is where DM prep comes in. It does not say it in the AP - because the AP is an
outline.
I sincerely did not mean it as a value judgement. I meant it as, perhaps the DMs I know and myself run APs quite differently than many other DMs I have seen. I have watched DMs run the APs by the book. It's fun for most players. I have also watched DMs run an AP based off decisions, actions, backstory, and even spoken thoughts of other players. I apologize, but I have not read Storm King's Thunder. (I have always wanted to be a player, so avoided the temptation.

) But, running Icewind Dale, we had a Duergar in our group. We were plotting how to scout/attack the Keep at Caer-Dineval. The player player playing the duergar mentioned a few things about what should be there. No rolls. No asking the DM. Just: I am a player who is from this region and of that culture - this is what I know. And voila, the DM took the time to add it in. That is why I asked about prep. It took time to do that.
And regarding your hit or miss stuff, my guess is you are your own worst critic. Seeing how much knowledge you have, I doubt anything you build is an actual miss.