City-States and their towns/villages

Greetings!

Well, EBEN, excellent stuff indeed! I was going to write my own extensive discussion of ancient Greek and Roman city-states, but you have done me the favor already!:)

Which leaves me to simply discuss the existence of two different types of city-states.

(1) The Religious City-State of Biblical times: Babylonian, Assyrian, Sumerian, as well as Hittite, Israelite, and the Canaanites all started out initially as city-states, most of whom were primarily united by a common religion. Religion was central to nearly all of these city states, where armies, priesthoods, and the constant struggles with the neighbors who worshipped other gods was a constant condition. They ranged from huge and powerful, like the Assyrians and Babylonians, to smaller ones, relatively, like the Hittites, Israelites, and Canaanites. The struggles that they pursued would make excellent background inspiration for a scenario, or campaign.

(2) The Hanseatic League:

This was a group of incredibly powerful City-States in the coastal regions of Northern Germany, Denmark, Poland, the Baltic States, Russia, and Scandinavia. This league of city-states ruled by powerful councils of merchant-princes destroyed the armies of kings with the mass employment of professional, lavishly equipped armies of mercenaries that, being so well-supplied and equipped, devastated the armies of the kings and nobility. Gradually, the aristocracy was forced to bow down before the overwhelming might of the League. It is said that whole cities that disobeyed the edicts of the league, were absolutely impoverished and broken in months due to the strangulation of food, and trade goods both mundane and luxurious.

It is recorded that one rebel city state's council walked naked through the league's capital city--naked, and begging on their knees to be reinstated into the league! These men, brought down so low because their city was strangled from trade--were heretofor the elite of that city, the mighty merchant princes. Their whole city had become so poor, shabby, and destitute from being banned from the league, that the whole people rose up and demand that they go forth to the league's capital and beg, and agree to all such prohibitions, treaties, and punishments that the League should decree. The city elders did as their community demanded.

Such was the example of the League's power--which demanded absolute free trade rights in all cities that were member to it, and with all non-members they did business with. The Hanseatic League arose in absolute wealth and power in the north of Europe, and ruled such over a vast league of city states for some 250 years. If I recall correctly, they began in about 1350-1600 AD.

Thus, I think there can be a rich tapestry from which to draw inspiration for one's city-states!:)

Semper Fidelis,

SHARK
 

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Thanks for all of this info. It's really great!

The league sounds like a great model for city states co-existing with feudal monarchies. I assume they also had a pact for mutual defense? How was the central power structure of the league at large defined and how did this relate to the autonomy of it's members? What power structures ruled over a single city-state?
 

kenjib said:
Thanks for all of this info. It's really great!

The league sounds like a great model for city states co-existing with feudal monarchies. I assume they also had a pact for mutual defense? How was the central power structure of the league at large defined and how did this relate to the autonomy of it's members? What power structures ruled over a single city-state?

A good example of a leuge city-state would be Bremen, Lübbek or Hannover. I just have no idea how easy it would be to get your hands on a history book on one of these german citys

-Alla
 

Greetings!

Hey Kenjib! Good to see you. Yes, the cities included Bremen, Hannover, Lubbeck in the East, along with Novgorod in Russia, Bergen in Norway, and many others. Over a hundred cities were in the Hanseatic League. The cities were ruled by councils of powerful, extremely wealthy, merchant-princes. What distinguished these people was an absolute absence of "noble blood." These merchants were decidedly common and middle-class in their background, and epitomised entrepeneurial spirit. What mattered was not title or birth, but skill, and wealth. SKILL AND WEALTH, (or one's ability to gain wealth)

Each city had to join the league in order to gain the benefits thereof. And trading within the league's rights, laws, and protection, was far better than going it alone, or trusting some aristocrat to "protect" you. Each city not only enjoyed immense wealth-protection, but also potential for vastly increased wealth because of the monopoly that the Hanseatic league maintained in trade all across the North. In addition, each city was honour and treaty bound to come with all swiftness to the aid of any other city in the Hanseatic League that needed assistance and protection. In what I've read, the Hanseatic League was able to really organize some top-notch armies. They succeeded so well because they had a relative degree of freedom superior to feudalism, and they were regarded as human beings with rights and freedoms, and they were extraordinarily well-paid, and equipped with the best armour and weaponry. There seems to be little evidence that any of these city-state armies, or the troops that were hired on quick notice to add additional support, ever betrayed the Hanseatic League. They seemed to be passionately loyal to the league. And considering the powerful enemies that the Hanseatic League had, this success of some 250 years is an incredible achievement.

Semper Fidelis,

SHARK
 


Wouldn't the Iron League in Greyhawk be considered city-states (don't have my LGG in front of me)? Most of the cities on the Moonsea in FR would be city-states (Zhentil Keep, Mulmaster, Hillsfar) and Baldur's Gate, Waterdeep and the rest elsewhere. In fact, it seems like many of the traditional points of interest in the FR are city-states.

And don't forget Judge's Guild's "City-State of the Invincible Overlord!"

PS: This is a great, informative thread. Thanks everybody! I learned a lot! :)
 
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Wow, this is turning out to be a nice discussion!

Actually, SHARK, your treatment of the Hanseatic League illustrates an interesting point. The power they had came from the fact that they were a federation, so in all respects a nation (however vague) existing of several economically powerfull states. So in fact, none of these cities were truely independant: they were bound by law to each other and could maintain their idependance because the emperor of the holy roman and german empire was a figurehead for long periods. There was no central government in Germany: every feudal lord was an independant lord, with a feudal lord, the emperor, in name only. (This is actually the central theme in the history of Germany, even today Germany remains a federation of different "Länder".)
So again: only in the absence of power could a dynamic civil (federal) state maintain intself in medieval Europe.
The league maintained itself because it was economically strong, there was no central power to threaten it and the possibility existed of raising merceneary armies. This last is important. If the haseatic league would have been surrounded by a centralistic state, there wouldn't have been such a good ground for recruiting mercenary troops.
This is what struck me when I read Raymond E. Feists Riftwar series. The kingdom is fairly centralised, but on the fringes there are a few freestates. I believe there was even a war at one time between the two. I never quite understood where these states got their troops. (Nevertheles, it's a great series.)

It's great that a topic like this one gets on these boards. I always found that a lot of game worlds need tweaking in this respect. I fear I have to admit that I'm not familiar enough with the Realms nor Greyhawk. But ask this question in your assesment: on what basis can this city maintain its independance on a military (can it raise an army when threatend), economical (can it maintain a certain level of income and support its population) and geo-political (absence or presence of central powers) level?
 



So how did the Hanseatic League come into power and what ultimately destroyed the League? I find this idea rather fascinating for use in my campaign, perhaps even with the Moonsea FR region...
 

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