What if a spellcaster could cast two spells on their turn, with the caveat that the total spell slot level couldn't exceed the maximum spell level they can cast, that only one of the spells can require concentration, and the maximum damage per round is capped at whichever spell deals more (or any) damage?
Would this be totally broken?
I thought about this a couple years ago, but instead of using two separate slots you had to use a slot equal to them both plus one additional spell level.
Using your examples:
For example, a 3rd level mage might simultaneously cast burning hands (1st level) and faerie fire (1st level), calling it "glitterdust" or "fey hands of true flame."
Would require a 3rd-level slot, not two 1st-level slots. You sum the spell levels and add 1. So, a caster would have to be 5th level, and such a combination would use up one of their 3rd-level slots. Expediency comes at a cost.
Or a 7th level mage might simultaneously cast shatter (2nd level) and mirror image (2nd level), calling it "mirrorburst" or "break the veil."
Would require a 5th-level slot (2nd + 2nd + 1 extra), not two 2nd-levels.
IMO the extra spell level cost balances out (at least somewhat) the benefit of getting two spells off on your turn, also you are sacrificing a potentially more powerful spell for two lesser spells, just for the speed.
Now, I didn't have the maximum damage caveat, but I don't think that would change much.
For example, imagine a caster throwing
fireball and
lightning bolt. This would require a 7th-level slot (using my 3+3+1 idea), and the maximum damage a each spell can do (without upcasting) is 8d6 or 48 points. Rolling 8d6 + 8d6 for damage has about a 90% of dealing 48 points or more, saving throws not included. Now, not many creatures would likely be hit by both, and saves would be separate.
But, if you compare such a combo to other 7th-level spells, such as
delayed blast fireball (which only begins at 12d6, but can potentially do 21d6),
finger of death (single target, but much more potential damage),
firestorm (slightly lower average but a bit higher AoE), or
prismatic spray (slightly less damage, but MUCH larger AoE); I think such a
fireball / lightning bolt combo isn't OP really.
Finally, using higher level slots makes this self-limiting IMO.
Would this house rule fit one of D&D 5e's classes better than others?
I think this would fit best with Sorcerer (it could be a metamagic maybe) or Wizard, but you could allow it to any caster and it would be fine.