The phrase was first used by 
Charles Krauthammer in June 2001<SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-WAPO_KRATUHAMMER_20080913_0-0>
[1]</SUP> to describe the Bush Administration's unilateral withdrawals from the 
ABM treaty and the 
Kyoto Protocol. The phrase initially described the policy that the United States had the right to secure itself against countries that harbor or give aid to terrorist groups, which was used to justify the 2001 
invasion of Afghanistan.<SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-NYT_Weisman_20020413_1-0>
[2]</SUP>
Different pundits would attribute different meanings to "the Bush Doctrine", as it came to describe other elements, including the controversial policy of 
preventive war, which held that the United States should 
depose foreign regimes that represented a potential or perceived threat to the security of the United States, even if that threat was not immediate; a policy of spreading democracy around the world, especially in the 
Middle East, as a strategy for combating terrorism; and a willingness to 
unilaterally pursue 
U.S. military interests.<SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-Time_Allen_20070502_2-0>
[3]</SUP><SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-NationalReview_Levin_20060816_3-0>
[4]</SUP><SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-USAtoday_Page_20030317_4-0>
[5]</SUP>