At the point that a monster isn't a direct combat threat, I'd turn it into some kind of environmental effect (possibly with a Skill Challenge-esque success threshold to remove).There may be exceptions. Something which does automatic damage or effect could be a threat (though minimal) even if it needs to roll 20 for hitting a PC.
For example, a 3rd level controller (leader) Goblin Hexer is something even a 30th level PCs can't ignore when fighting against Orcus. Automatic -2 to attack is a biiig ouch!.
Also, healers are always something you can't ignore. Now monsters still have at least one healing surge. And they can make saves. So if a monster can let another monster roll a save or spend a healing surge.....
when they pose little threat [rarely can hit], yet they still have plenty of HP to take hit after hit.At what point do lower level monsters really stop being any kind of credible threat to a party?
According to the Wizards Optimisation forums for 4e:
"What I've observed is: 14 DPR(1st), 20 DPR(6th), 40 DPR(12th), 60 DPR(16th), 100 DPR (24th), 150 DPR(30th)"
DPR meaning damage per round.
If you're going to go "that's not possible", one of many character builds that accomplish it is here, and it's not even a particularly munched out or complex one to do. There are also builds that do more damage.
Even at first level, though, you can expect to take out a guy every two rounds with a decently-made striker, and damage increases ten-fold from there to level 30.
At what point do lower level monsters really stop being any kind of credible threat to a party?