Hate. Hate. HATE.
Pseudo-medieval tying into character occupation is good by me, though. Hell, I'll even allow someone to use their class as an epithet if it works for them. Modern names don't bother me as much, though I'd prefer players used the full name and not the short form.
It's very rare that I'll outright ban a name, though. Happened once in the game I'm running now-- one of my players handed me name straight from a Marvel comics character, including the codename. Not cool.
edit: As for the "joke" names in the first post, I'd say the first few of those are cool, too-- up to, but excluding, Phat Masta P. Hell, if Father Tony would go by Anthony or Antonio, he'd be golden.