Imaculata
Hero
Do you have lots of factions, racial tensions, social stratification, a struggle between church and state for dominance? Is there a monarch with unlimited power or a council of wise men or a dictator grimly holding on to power by playing the aristocrats against each other?
Pretty much all of the above. But I think more important is how this affects the players. My players often have to talk with political figures, and politics play an important part in getting things done. For this it helps if they know the goals and ambitions of an npc.
For example, in my current campaign my players have to deal with a religious leader, who made a deal with their enemy, to have them captured. In exchange he was promised the highest religious position in the land. He seeks this position in this manner, because of the social-political structure of the country; the position of high bishop is unattainable to him by succession, because of his low born roots. The new bishop is appointed by the king and by the previous bishop, who keeps a close circle of friends, who are all eyeing that seat. So if you are not part of that group, your changes of becoming the new high bishop are zero.
The religious leader of a local town, is trying to fight the same great evil as the party. But he believes that the only means to do so, is to strike a deal with their enemy, so he can become high bishop. His attempt to capture the players failed however, and now the players have opened an all out assault on his cathedral, where the final confrontation will take place.