Trying to follow you here...
Yair said:
I'm probably wrong, but since a DRM file cannot be (legally) read except by the rightful owner, cannot placing a DRM file on a file-sharing server be defended as not braking the copyright under fair-use?
No. Fair Use has certain limited definitions, this is (likely) not one of them (I use "likely" because there is no crystal-clear line on exactly what is and is not).
The new copy CAN be read with the right tools. That the downloader does not have those tools does not change the situation, any more than I could defend picking up a xeroxed copy of a book in the French language because I don't read French or pick up a burned CD for the Mac OS because I don't have a Macintosh-compatible computer. The possession of the copy is the issue, not the possession of the tools required to read it. Whether or not someone else has the ability to read a particular copy does not change the fact that
a copy has been made without the consent of the copyright holder.
Further, anyone downloading the file does not brake copyright, since he cannot read it and hence did not, in fact, copy it.
Again, downloading the file is copyright infringement. A "Copy" is defined in US Code Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 101 as follows (emphasis mine):
''Copies'' are material objects, other than phonorecords, in which a work is fixed by any method now known or later developed, and from which the work can be perceived, reproduced, or otherwise communicated,
either directly or with the aid of a machine or device. The term ''copies'' includes the material object, other than a phonorecord, in which the work is first fixed.
Whether or not YOU can perceive the work is immaterial; if the work CAN be perceived with the aid of ANY machine or device (in this case, a computer with the right password/account), the item in question is in fact a copy.
As an analogy, a burned CD is still a copy of the original CD even if I don't have a CD player.
If someone cracks the DRM, he *then* commits copyright infringment by making an illegal copy.
No, if someone cracks the DRM, he *then* violates the DMCA in the U.S. (or an analagous law, should one exist abroad; if no such law exists in the jurisdiction where the crack occurs, no crime has been committed). Copyright infringement doesn't enter into it.
But merely placing the file there isn't a violation
No. The act of merely placing a file on a P2P network is NOT copyright violation. The act of downloading is not, by a strict reading of copyright law, infringement of copyright (though the downloader does come into possession of an unlawfully acquired/produced copy). The act of uploading - i.e., the act of distribution - is where the copyright infringement occurs.
(the owner could have used it legally - for example to transfer his legal copy to his office, and read it from there),
This probably falls under "Fair Use" on the argument that the a person who has lawfully obtained a copy does not hurt the potential market for the copy by making an unauthorized copy for himself to read elsewhere (one of the 4 exemplary factors that is to be used to determine "Fair Use").
IANAL either, but hopefully that helps clear things a little.
There are three potentially unlawful situations that can occur in your example, each is independent of the other.
1.) Acquisition of an unlawful copy of a copyrighted work (the downloader)
2.) Copyright infringement through unauthorized distribution (the uploader)
3.) Violation of the DMCA (the person who removes the DRM)
Again, all laws are pertinent to those on U.S. soil only; some areas of the world may or may not have analagous laws, making one or more of the above "crimes" a "non-crime."
--The Sigil