No. Supernatural abilities describe inherent traits of the creature, not possessions - thus the balor's ability bestows the vorpal-property to its whatever sword the balor/you happen to be wielding at the time; releasing the sword removes that temporary property.
IMO the ability works with any handheld weapon which could feasibly sever the foes head, be it an axe, polearm, sword, or etc. It merely states "sword" because those are the balor's weapon-of-choice.