Fallacies might work well on some ignorant jurors, but most people here are above average in intelligence and fairly well educated. You're just going to get called out on the fallacies, which takes away from the thread, and use of the fallacies themselves harms your arguments tremendously.
I've got no experience of jurors, ignorant or otherwise, and so will leave comment on their susceptibility to poor argument to others.
As far as ENworld is concerned, there is in my view a relatively widespread tendency to invoke the notion of "fallacy" when what is really going on is that two posters disagree on how a particular matter should be characterised, or on what reasons bear upon some RPG-related choice, etc. I think it's almost always more productive to actually explain one's view and explain why one thinks another poster is wrong, than to go "meta" and start labelling what are generally sincere attempts at argumentation as fallacy-ridden. (The most egregious example of this on these boards is the tendency to cry "strawman" when what is really going on is that two posters disagree over the salient features and hence implications of some particular subject-matter of discussion.)
An Appeal to Authority applies to authorities, too. It's a fallacy to say X is correct because an authority says it's correct and leave it at that. You have to also prove your argument through other means.
Maxperson, do you believe there is such a place as Paris? Berlin? Skopje? Sofia? On what basis? I'm assuming you haven't visited all those places to see them for yourself, so you must be relying on the testimony of others.
What you are calling
the fallacy of appeal to authority is what epistemologists would call
testimony. Not all testimony is reliable; but if you don't accept some testimony you're going to end up with a pretty thin knowledge base.
I presented testimony as to what is acceptable usage of the word "irrational" among a group of professionals whose daily work includes thinking about the nature of reasons and reasoning. If you think my testimony is unreliable - eg because you don't trust me, or you think I'm lying about my occupation, or you think I'm confused in some way - then that's fine. It's no skin of my nose.
But if you think that my testimony is unreliable
simply because it's testimony - that's quite odd. How would you have me back it up? Produce more testimony from other academic philosophers and lawyers? But by your own lights, that's just more authority!
(I certainly can't prove anything by using a dictionary, because what is a dictionary but a statement by an authority as to what is proper usage!)
I don't understand what sort of proof you want.
now you attack me and not my argument.
I'm not attacking you. I'm pointing out that your objection to my testimony rests on a principle of evidence - namely, that testimony is unreliable per se - which I am almost certain you don't apply in most other contexts. The reason I am using geographic examples is because they are particularly common instances of people relying upon the testimony of others in forming beliefs about the world. Specialist bodies of knowledge are another such example, which is why I mentioned general relativity.
That's not an ad hominem argument. It's diagnosing an inconsistent application of epistemic standards.
How would
you go about establishing the proper usage of the word "irrational" without either asking those whose occupation involves working with the notion (the dreaded
authorities) or looking in a dictionary (another
authority)?