They are however not moving through your space... they are moving through a space too small and avoiding your space - but yes off topic
The example isn't squeezing through the space, it's trying to squeeze through an open threatened area. I suppose it's possible but at that point the fighter is making a significant obstruction simply by being there.
Gobins have 30' movement, give up half to moving slowly or several drop from failed saves if they don't. 10' in front of the fighter costs them 20' for movement for that basic strategy. Squeezing by cuts movement in half The last 10' movement stops the goblins who are out of movement. The goblins behind them cannot end in the occupied space and so stop without gaining their full movement.
Pretty sure the fighter with an action stops them all either way. ;-)
I'll carry that further, however. Goblins aren't lemmings running off a cliff. Everyone one of them knows the fighter is going to be stabbing them on the way by. Generally they would prefer not to get stabbed and either would not try to rush by or would try to engage instead. The fighter might even make an intimidation check and convince them to back down.
Assuming they go with the mad lemming attempt to rush by at slow speeds, they cannot move far enough. Or they try to rush the bearings, the first few who fall down turn it into difficult terrain in the process for the rest moving through (or they just stop) and they still don't have the movement.
The fighter on his AoE and subsequent attacks starts dropping goblins around him. That makes it difficult terrain and trying to squeeze by.
Don't use the bearings and it's just a speed bump if they go lemming. They'll lose 5' of movement plus the effects of the AoE. Alternately, caltrops force them to stop moving of a failed save plus long term speed reduction.
It is off topic, though, unless a person considers how effective these can be compared to spells that cost slots, at least at lower levels. Fighters and rogues aren't the only classes I'll use them with. It's not the class so much as the equipment. Low level wizard can cast a spell for an action with a lower DC than caltrops and spend a slot; or use the same action, no slot, higher DC with equipment. ;-)