Jürgen Hubert said:Well, Europe was lucky because it already had a very high population density before the car was invented. Thus, sprawl is not nearly as pervasive there as in the USA, and most settlements are a lot more compact which keeps travel distances down.
As a result, Europe is able to withstand gas price increases much better than the USA - because there is little sprawl, there are actually real alternatives to cars possible.
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Suffice to say that to the degree that there's less sprawl in Europe today than in the US today, it's almost entirely due to government regulation.