White Armour, or
alwyte armour, was a form of
plate armour worn in the
Late Middle Ages characterized by full-body steel plate without a
surcoat. Around 1420 the surcoat, or "coat of arms" as it was known in
England, began to disappear, in favour of uncovered plate. Areas not covered by plate were protected by
mail sewn to the
gambeson underneath.
During the fifteenth century national styles of armour emerged. White armour was a term used synonymously with
Italian design, which was innovative in expanding the use of plate armour to cover joints that had been previously protected by mail. The descriptive term
white armour referred both to the absence of a surcoat and the absence of decorative trimmings: the rival
German style was fluted, both for aesthetic reasons and for structural advantage in resisting crushing blows.
These two approaches to armouring remained recognizable throughout the fifteenth century. Eventually each borrowed the other's innovations. By the early sixteenth century the distinction became obsolete.