I certainly see there being a lot more weird and supernatural "terrain" and weather patterns. I've given them some thought to a few of them.
Skyshards, areas of massive floating crystals with some bigger than ships. The crystals can be of different colours, and as a highly magical world you can be sure that many of these crystals have special exploitable properties and are mined. Sometimes from Skyshards there are the Shardstorms where tiny crystal shards are carried by strong winds becoming a deadly cutting wind, this weather is rare in civilized areas, but can be deadly to anyone who isn't indoors.
Solid Clouds are areas of the material like that from the Solid Fog spell, thick opaque haze that one can stand on. Patches of Solid Cloud are more common the lower one gets in the atmosphere, often saving many unfortunate enough to fall off something. Solid Clouds move slowly across the world, often unmoved by winds. Cloud and Storm Giants live on Solid Clouds in the upper atmosphere in great cities that they rule of their global yet scattered empire.
Airy Water resembles what's invoked by a spell like Airy Water, it's a thick viscous mist that said by many to be a mixture of elemental air and water. Creatures that can breath air and creatures that can breath water can both survive in Airy Water. And those with actual swim speeds (so therefore not most humanoids) can swim in it. Some marine life can be found in these patches of Airy Water (most are found in lakes on floating islands or in floating seas), and with some effort drinkable water can be extracted from Airy Water. Airy Water has been known to slow the descent of some unfortunate enough to have fallen.
Floating Seas exist across the world in much the same way there are Floating Islands. Marine life of all varieties live in these seas. They vary in sizes, with some being massive enough to have cities of people such as Merfolk, Sea Elves, Tritons, Koalinths, Sahuagin and others. Floating seas are constantly merging with other floating seas or splitting off into smaller floating seas after strong winds blow against them.
Dust Clouds can be quite massive and often obscure clusters of civilized floating islands from others. A dust cloud is composed of floating minerals, that range from the size of sands of grain to pebble-sized. Winds often blow Dust Clouds around as Dust Storms, which range from being inconvenient to disastrous for civilized areas caught in its path.
Air Forests are ecosystems based around massive Banyan-like Trees known often called Monarch Trees, with a great tangle of roots, branches and gas bulbs. Soil gathers around the thickest of roots, and fungus, algae, moss and various other plants grow off the Monarch Tree, giving home to various animals and fey spirits.
Maelstroms are like the Eye of Jupiter, they are eternal storms of elemental energy and destruction. Lightning constantly crackles through it's thick clouds and floating lodestones. Lava flows in the great winds with a hail of rocks and glass. Maelstroms are eternal and unmoving, most ships know to stay away from them. But it's thought that some powerful archmages and mad scientists might have their homes within the Maelstroms.
Jet Streams or Storm Passages are massive currents of supernaturally fast wind currents that flow through the entire world. Most Storm Passages follow predictable unchanging routes. Airships can travel through Storm Passages entering and exiting their banks, traveling around the world making what might be months-long voyages into days-long voyages. Many established trade routes are based around them. Around many Storm Banks are Sky Fortresses bristling with cannons, rockets and elemental lances, warships of sky navies and port cities because of their importance to a nation.
Unbound Regions are areas where gravity has no effect, they are often unseen until one stumbles upon them. A few lost overboard have found themselves in an Unbound Region.