The essential problem is that spellcasters are expected to cast spells, and lots of them, over the course of their career. Giving them a chance of acquiring a permanent penalty each time they cast a spell with no mitigation leaves them at "doomed".
For example: What would it do to your average Fighter if they injured themselves and lost 1 permanent HP each time they rolled a natural 1 on an attack roll? --> They'd be doomed.
As a rough average, we can safely assume that a primary-caster character will cast approximately Level*13 spells at each level (13 spells from 1->2, 26 from 2->3 on up to 260 spells from 20->21) for a total of 1365 spells across their 1-20 career (including their time spent at 20th level).
With a 5% chance of acquiring taint per cast, your average caster will accumulate ~70 points of taint across their career. More if their chance is higher than 5%. Much, much more if their chance increases based on their taint score.
For example: What would it do to your average Fighter if they injured themselves and lost 1 permanent HP each time they rolled a natural 1 on an attack roll? --> They'd be doomed.
As a rough average, we can safely assume that a primary-caster character will cast approximately Level*13 spells at each level (13 spells from 1->2, 26 from 2->3 on up to 260 spells from 20->21) for a total of 1365 spells across their 1-20 career (including their time spent at 20th level).
With a 5% chance of acquiring taint per cast, your average caster will accumulate ~70 points of taint across their career. More if their chance is higher than 5%. Much, much more if their chance increases based on their taint score.