All right. One thing I feel that should be pointed out - the variety among humanity is STAGGERING. To the point that, in a fantasy context, the difference between humans and a different race is probably less than the differences between humans themselves.
In our own world, right now, there are jungle cultures that, as a general rule, cannot perceive or count beyond the number three or four; anything higher than that just becomes "many".
There are cultures engaging in a sort of social suicide, drinking themselves to death - and fully aware that they are doing so.
Another jungle culture that wears nothing but tiny ropes around their waists on the men, essentially "penis-sheaths"; although, if one were to walk naked among them, they would be shocked at such an impropriety.
The number of food tabboos are amazing - East Indian groups who, while very hungry, will not eat the holy beef that surrounds them; Jewish "Kosher Foods"; the asian reliance on rice; Veganism.
And then there are cultural diseases - literally, ailments that people suffer that have resulted from cultural quirks. The best known example would be Anorexia - it is an actual disease (it's not just "in your head"), yet it is one that is only common in north america, and it can KILL YOU. Another example would be the "Evil Eye".
The point?
You don't *need* to make your aliens non-human in nature. I'd almost say it's close to impossible. There is such a diversity in human behaviour in our world, at this moment. A Japanese man and a woman from Mali share the same biology, but will see the world from entirely different lenses.
Elves, as an example, share more or less the same biology; I don't think their views on the land would be so different from those of a western human. But it's those little differences that make DMing fun.
Sorry for the rant; start talking about culture near an Anthropology major, and you get a long answer.
