How was the civil war not about slavery?

Janx

Hero
Hopefully we can keep this about history and not modern politics.

This is a fork from the ethics thread as [MENTION=463]S'mon[/MENTION] was making a reference to Deadlands and its handling of the Civil War

Here's the baseline of my thoughts. I'm from Minnesota. We weren't even a state yet, but sent some troops to fight in the war. To us, in school we're basically taught that the Civil war was basically about slavery. That southerners called it "the War of Northern Aggression" and that it was really about States Rights. I've yet to meet a southerner who called it that. I now live in Texas, where it seems like they were fools to even get involved in the Civil War, but that's another story.

I suspect there were a lot of issues dividing the north and south to cause Seccession. The crux being "States Rights". But it always seems to me, that the hidden sub-clause of that reason is "to have slaves."

The south's economy was heavily reliant on manual labor (slaves), the north was not. Society in the north WAS becoming increasingly anti-slavery (they could afford to, their economy not depend on it). This would be a bad thing to southern economy.

Aside from Lincoln dicking around with WHEN he freed the slaves, the actual war was fought because the US Government decided states could not opt out. That makes sense from an organizational standpoint, when the boss who is elected and represents the whole says "we go left", everybody needs to go left because thats how democracy works.

My question, from this point is, if slavery WASN'T the driving theme between the division of North and South, what was? It wasn't illegal immigration or gay marriage. Was it taxes?

What was the Federal government (and the North) telling the South to do that was so objectionable, they pulled out of the union that was not driven by the slavery issue.

Or, if we had an alternate history where Slavery did not exist in America, what was the remaining issue that still would have caused the divide?

Remember, other than my jab at 2 current hot topics, let's try not to get political (at least in the modern and offensive sense).
 

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IBTL.

What was the Federal government (and the North) telling the South to do that was so objectionable, they pulled out of the union that was not driven by the slavery issue.

They were not respecting property rights of Southerners. The property in question? Slaves.

Slavery was mentioned in most of the articles of secession.

Basically, scratch the surface of any non-slavery reason given for secession, and you'll find slavery.
 

I think, at it's core, you hit the nail on the head regarding States Rights. The South maintained that the North didn't have the right to say "you can no longer base your economy on slave labor."

And the North said, "To heck with that. Look up the Interstate Commerce Clause."

And the South then said "Screw that noise. Enjoy being the United States. We're gonna just leave you to yourselves and do our own thing if you're going to pull that crap."

And then the North said "Uh, no you won't, and we'll kill you to make sure you won't."

So, it was States Rights, in regards to an individual state's right to legalize slavery. Southern historians will tell you it was just States Rights (i.e. "My state should be able to make a law regarding [X] without the Federal government putting a stop to it if it doesn't violate the U.S. Constitution"), but I would wager that's only just to avoid letting any critics claim they're saying that the wholesale capturing, buying, selling, and trading human beings is an acceptable practice.
 


I was taught in school that the schism started with several attempts to expand the slavery to the northern states, which was what Lincoln had been opposing. Slavery was about to become Big Business, and they wanted to start selling to everyone. This would have destabilised the economy in the north and made the slave states the economic focus.
 

I was taught in school that the schism started with several attempts to expand the slavery to the northern states, which was what Lincoln had been opposing. Slavery was about to become Big Business, and they wanted to start selling to everyone. This would have destabilised the economy in the north and made the slave states the economic focus.

I don't think that is correct - the import of slaves into the US was banned as of 1808. The slaves that were still within the US were bred to continue the slave population, as well as slaves being smuggled into the country, of course.

However, I don't think there were enough slaves around to have a big impact on the economy of the far more industrialized north. I believe some Southern states attempted to get the ban on slave importation revoked in the 1850s, but it was rejected. That may have been what Lincoln had spoken against?
 

How it was once explained to me...

South did not see "slavery" they saw a cheap work force, the North was seeing industry, a population boom and they needed a trained workforce; a work force that was being unionized. Money was flowing South, creating a very weathy power block. A power block that could control the country. The North had votes, the South had money.

The North saw the possiblity of industry moving south, where there was a controlled cheap work force - so, the South saw the war as economics.
 



No, it is certainly not peanuts. However, how many of those 4 millions slaves were needed to do whatever they were doing on the various Southern plantations and farms?
That's probably impossible to answer. I got the numbers from the 1860 U.S. Census.
 

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