Simon said:
I tend to think it's morally wrong to harm Bloodstone Press (eg) by downloading his work in .pdf without paying for it. I am a bit agnostic as to whether downloading the latest Shania Twain single without paying for it is morally wrong - before they started offering reasonably priced music downloads I'd have said not, on balance, now I think it may be a teensy-weensy bit wrong, maybe 50 cents wrong. Much less wrong than downloading Dungeon Master's Guide II or Van Helsing (the movie), though. I am certain that downloading a 30 year old song that's not even 'legally' available is not morally wrong. In fact the copyright law which forbids this is what's wrong
See, these are justification strategies. You seem to be taking the profit margin and the wealth of the producer into account before you decide if its wrong or not. (though the Van Helsing movie doesn't seem to fit... I'd be curious to know why you think it would be more wrong to download a free copy of Van Helsing than a Shania Twain song).
On the one hand, it shows that you reason at a high level of morality (see Kholbergs theory of moral reasoning). But on the other, it shows that you have figured out a way to engage in behavior that you know is wrong while maintaining your highly ethical self-concept.
Although I like Kholberg's theory, and I would emphasize it if this were a political discussion, I have to take the other side of the argument here. Either downloading copyrighted material for free is wrong or its not. There can't be a middle ground, ethically speaking.
The only point that I would concede to you is your last one:
I am certain that downloading a 30 year old song that's not even 'legally' available is not morally wrong. In fact the copyright law which forbids this is what's wrong
Although it is still wrong to download such a song, I would agree with you that a lot of people find that to be an easy justification and in fact it is the fault of the copyright holders if they find their material being pirated.
Personally, there are songs that are only available in Europe that I would love to hear. In the past, I have been very tempted to download them from some P2P site, using the justification that "If it was available for me to buy in the US, I would. I'm only stealing because I have no other choice. “
But then I realize that I DO have other choices:
1. I could visit Europe and buy a bunch of music not available in the US.
2. I could just live without it.
Ultimately, I chose choice #2. Thereby maintaining consistency between my behavior and my self-concept without relying on a psychological trick to fool myself.
However, I can fully understand how someone would find that line of reasoning acceptable, and as I said above, I agree with you that it is ultimately the fault of the copyright holder when people pirate material that is not available in any other avenue.