Stop looking for some "mystical" rule to rule them all. It doesn't exist and shouldn't. Just look at the flavor of the race for the reason.
Every time I've looked at the flavor of the race... on come the exceptions.
It seems that there is very little that we can actually latch into for these stats, yet losing them would be catastrophic.
Not when you have a billion of them to mine. A bazillion weak kobolds literally chipping away at a wall can do the work of 10 dwarves.
Except that isn't how it works. The miners don't have hundreds of kobolds going after the same wall. So, good job just making stuff up?
They also had combat feats and were likely variant humans where the warriors put +1 into strength. Spartan isn't a race, though. Human is the race and human aptitude varies pretty equally.
Right, so if being part of a martial culture isn't enough.... why did you act like it is? If orcs are strong because they value strength, but humans valuing strength isn't enough to make them as strong as orcs, then valuing strength isn't the key is it?
Draconic sorcerers are not born of dragons. They have a smidge of dragon blood and use it for arcane power. There's not even enough there to get a stat bonus at anything. Kobolds, which are obsessed with dragons make the claim, but dragons are only one a many reptilian creatures that could have spawned them, if they even had a progenitor. A claim doesn't equate to being born of dragons.
Well, to quote you on Bugbears, that is only true if you ignore their history. 3.5 made it very clear they were descended from dragons. People didn't like that, because dragons are powerful and kobolds are mooks, so now they don't state it outright, but they also don't refute it.
And how much Dragon Blood does a Dragonborn have? They were "born of dragons" generations ago, they are likely down to 1/128 or less of their ancestor's blood.
This again is WRONG. They are not graceful because they are graceful. They get a dex bonus because they are graceful. Graceful is not a stat. They don't get grace because they have grace, they get dex because they are graceful as a race.
I'm not going to go point by point again. You're wrong about all the rest of them, too.
What does Dex mean? PHB says "Dexterity measures agility, reflexes, and balance."
What does graceful mean?
"... in the form of elegant movement, poise, or
balance."
Dexterity in part measure balance, graceful means in part moving with balance.
So, again, they have high dexterity, because they show attributes related to high dexterity. Just because you say "they get a bonus to dexterity because they are graceful" does not mean you get away from the fact that Dexterity is a measurement of grace, meaning they get a bonus to being able to move gracefully because they can move gracefully.
It is circular logic.
Back to dwarves and being tough, what is Constitution? "Constitution measures health, stamina, and vital force."
What does it mean to be tough? "able to endure hardship or pain" Which would include having a high stamina or "vital force"
So, being tough is a result of a high constitution, and having a high constitution is a result of being tough.
I'm not getting this wrong, you are just refusing to acknowledge the obvious here.
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I was just trying to to lighten the mood and be silly. Sorry if it sounded serious.
But it odd that some feel a species can't be smarter than another. I mean we wholeheartedly accept Star Treks' version of species, and we all know Vulcans on average are smarter than humans. It is an odd pitfall somehow we have created for D&D.
Sorry, I missed that it was supposed to be funny. But...
Um... I don't wholeheartedly except Star Trek's version of species? In fact, many people critique Star Treks' version of species on multiple levels for multiple reasons.
And considering for a moment that once we get to the stage of speech and foresight, and basically human level intelligence like every species/race in DnD exhibits, it becomes incredibly difficult to talk about some being more or less intelligent without getting into dangerous territory and harmful stereotypes that have perpetuated our societies.
Because in trying to explain how we represent a less intelligent culture and people, we invariably end up insulting or diminishing other people.
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The amount of rules tied to races is rather minimal to begin with, so getting rid of half of them kinda is a significant change. The conversation keeps going in circles because you for some reason are unable to recognise this blindingly obvious fact.
Seems it isn't so obvious then, because I've been trying to figure out why it is a big deal for a while.
It isn't because of culture of the races
It is likely not genetics of the races (and if it is, that is a bit of a problem)
It isn't because of the archetypes
It isn't because of the settings.
Every time I dig into something, there is a different reason. In fact, there are so many different reasons that it seems trivial to use those reasons to justify unique characters using Tasha's rules.
Orcs have a bonus to strength because of their culture?
Well, what if my Gnome Fighter comes from a long and prestigious line of gnome fighters, all constantly training and working and marrying to improve themselves in their quest for [insert plot hook]
Dragonborn have a bonus to strength because of magic dragon blood?
Well, what if my Gnome Fighter came upon a wounded dragon, and aided the beast, and in turn it began teaching him the secrets of magic, and allowed him to drink of its powerful blood to strengthen his body. then it mysteriously vanished.
Some races are just born strong?
Well, what if my Gnome Fighter is a bit of a freak? He was just born stronger than other gnomes, and no one knows why. Maybe it is a throwback to the gnomish relation with dwarves.
I could come up with dozens of reasons to justify the change via Tasha's rules, most of them using the same reasoning that other races are using for their numbers.
What is blindingly obvious to me is that some people just don't like this rule, and they are never going to like this rule, and they are just going to keep insisting it is a bad rule. I'm just curious if I'm ever going to get a reason that goes beyond "because this is not the way things used to be"