No attack type inherently requires line of sight. Lacking line of sight is called 'total concealment.' Area attacks require line of effect to the origin square.
All attacks require line of effect from the origin square.
Melee and Ranged attacks have an origin square of the user of the power. (exception: Beast and Spirit powers have an origin square of the respective companion.)
Close bursts have an origin square within your space. Close blasts have an origin square adjacent to your space.
Area attacks all have an origin square at a given range, that you must have line of effect to but not line of sight. So, yes, you can fireball into obscuring terrain.
EDIT: And, as you should know, 'Attack type' doesn't necessarily mean 'only attacks follow this rule.' 'Attack type' is the term for M/R/C/A. Powers that target allies follow the same rules as above.
Do note, however, it is possible for an ally to be hidden from you, and therefore in order to target him you have to target the square you think he is in. Otherwise, as no attack roll is needed for powers like Inspiring Word, the penalty from total concealment never applies.
And, in a fluff explanation:
You don't need to see your buddy to inspire him to keep fighting.