Personally, I don't think you would need to make it a permanent curse.
If the weapon is actually "worn" (as in, it can be drawn easily), then the wearer is blind. So long as they have the weapon in hand, they have tremorsense to a limited range--perhaps 15 or 20 feet. Enough to be valuable. Not enough to replace proper sight. Genuinely doffing the weapon (dropping it and not touching it, stowing it away in one's pack, etc.) allows one's sight to return over the course of 10 minutes. The 10-minute delay prevents players constantly dropping and picking it up to minmax the blindness effect.
If you have concerns about that, make it an attunement thing. Only people attuned to the weapon get any benefits or detriments at all--to anyone that isn't attuned, it acts as a perfectly mundane, albeit durable, weapon. Once attuned, it works as above. (This would be best if you're worried about your players trying to use the weapon's "cause blindness" effect against their enemies.)