In my (my groups) opinion, there are several points where alignment matters:
1. As a guideline for roleplaying your character. Large deviations could be a reason for the DM to suggest changing the alignment of the character. However, an aligment chosen at character creation should be seen an intention of roleplay, and keeping that alignment should be encouraged unless in-game situations have influenced the character to a point that he starts to behave differently.
2. As a strict guideline for roleplaying your character when an aligment is forced upon you. This is the case when a helmet of opposite alignment comes into play, or when you are temporarily playing an NPC. (for instance, when your character has been possessed, or replaced with a doppleganger)
3. When you want to change your alignment. If, for whatever reason, you want to change your alignment, the new alignment should fit your characters' actions. If not, the alignment hasn't changed at all (or maybe to a different alignment). It should of course be possible to get into a Monk class at some point, but in our opinion that alignment change shouldn't come easy, and as stated above, our group doesn't think the player in question can pull it off.
Of course, there are several playstyles less heavy on the roleplaying aspect where Alignment is just another stat. As there are retraining rules for Feats, skills, and spells, you could in a similar manner change your alignment.
I'm not saying that is badwrongfun, it's just not our way of playing...