Good questions. Makes me wonder if they should split the fighter up into different categories (archer, brawler) much like the Wizard has the sorcerer, warlock, etc.
I don't really see a need for that, since that is essentially what Weapon Specialization (ala 1e, 2e) does. You want to make an Archer? Fighter (or Ranger in 1e) bow specialist. Those editions didn't support martial arts and unarmed combat very well, but that could be handled just as easily.
What I've been playing around with in C&C is the concept of the fighting style, to go hand in hand with weapon specialization. The idea is a lot like building the specialist mage in 2nd ed, mixing in some of the fighter feats from 3e. In somewhat vague terms, the player basically chooses a feat track for the character to follow at an early level. I think the concept would work well with the Stances introduced in 4e, and perhaps the Rogue Talents introduced in Pathfinder. So instead of hopping on the feat train and having to worry about all the ins-and-outs, you just decide "this is the fighter concept that appeals to me and my sense of the character" and off you go. All the advancement is built in. My gut tells me to keep it simple. To date, this thread sticks pretty close to what I'm thinking about doing (and I'm drawing no small amount of inspiration from it).
Tom