Short answer: No.
Longer answer: Power sources seem to ultimately be descriptors which influence the types of powers the designers give to a class.
Let me try to explain...
In one sense, "fire" and "electricity" are just descriptors of damage types. There's nothing that stops us from creating a line of fire or a ball of electricity. But as designers, we might want to reserve the "fire" descriptor for explosions and the like, and "electricity" for bolts.
So I don't expect to see a lot of difference on a power by power comparison. A character might have a psionic power that lets him pick up a bad guy and throw him across a room, and another character might have a martial power that lets him pick up a bad guy and throw him across the room. The "psionic" and "martial" descriptors only involvement in the process would seem to be in determining that the psion used a Cha v Will attack (or whatever) while the "martial" character used Str v Fort. But thats just one power.
The overall mix of powers and abilities associated with that class might vary wildly, and fit the theme of the power source.
But in the 3e sense, in which arcane magic functions with one subsystem, psionics functions with another, martial attacks with a third, incarnum with a fourth, shadow mysteries with a fifth, and so forth, I think that's dead.
