The World Without D&D

It's... really almost impossible to imagine, I think.

D&D both fed on and fed back into the fantasy literature craze of the 70s, which started with Tolkien and Sword and Sorcery, but moved solidly into epic fantasy territory by the 80s and 90s. Would fantasy as a significant genre even exist if not for D&D to shepherd its growth? Would space opera, spurred on by Star Wars, have flourished in the absence of fantasy competition? The horror craze continued? Or would speculative fiction have shrunk back to its earlier levels of popularity with perhaps a handful of exceptions? Oddly enough, I'm not sure how much earlier fantasy fads were necessary or helpful to the Harry Potter craze, so it might have ignited, rather than re-ignited, interest in fantasy (and with a different readerbase).

Would tabletop RPGs have come into existence without D&D? I can't imagine they would have until the rise and popularity (itself something of a fad, from what I can tell) of 'How to Host a Murder' and similar, mystery-themed titles. Those games could have formed an alternative starting point for RPGs.

It's hard to say how board- and wargame development was influenced by RPGs, though. Games Workshop started out supporting D&D; without their rise, would miniatures wargaming even exist in a remotely recognizable form? On the other hand, RPGs were certainly accused of "killing wargaming" much as CCGs and video games would later get fingered for "killing RPGs." If there's any truth to this claim, traditional wargaming might have actually flourished in an RPG-less environment.

On the computer game front, the terminology would certainly have been different and some of the early examples (the original Final Fantasy, for instance) would have been right out. I'm not sure something like X-Com couldn't have developed into a reasonably recognizable analog to the modern Tactics-RPG, however, if that genre had not existed. And a JRPG could potentially be extrapolated from a tactics-RPG instead of the other way around. Western-style RPGs have fewer antecedents outside of tabletop play; as others have said, something somewhat like the modern version might have grown out of FPS games. It really hinges on whether the idea of sequential power-ups grew out of D&D's levels or if they are an inevitable idea; if the latter, something like Deus Ex might well have occurred as designers experimented with persistent and flexible power-ups in an FPS, and from there developed into Fallout 3 or Mass Effect-like shooter-RPGs. Would point-and-click adventure games have persisted longer without the competition from JRPGs when it came to story-heavy games? They might represent an alternate origin for CRPG development - or even tabletop RPG development.
 

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A lot of people aren't aware of this, but Marc Miller has said he developed Traveller independently of D&D. I have a suspicion that, had there been no Gygax / Arneson / D&D, Traveller would have been the spark for RPG's, but the scene would have been very different, with the focus not so much on adenture/kill/loot/level, but free-trading mixed with some combat. Blizzard's World of Starcraft (circa 2004 or so) would have focused on different elements, but the big dog on the field would be more online head-to-head style computer games, I'm guessing.
 

A lot of people aren't aware of this, but Marc Miller has said he developed Traveller independently of D&D.

Yep...and it probably would have grown much more slowly.

Say what you want about various books in the sci-fi, fantasy, pulp and horror genres, but I doubt any of them has captured the imagination so thoroughly and with as much market penetration as JRRT's LotR saga. That popularity helped drive the game, and thus, the hobby.

Traveller, for all its awesomeness, just didn't and wouldn't have had that same kind of synergy with a work of fiction as did D&D.
 

Yep...and it probably would have grown much more slowly.

Say what you want about various books in the sci-fi, fantasy, pulp and horror genres, but I doubt any of them has captured the imagination so thoroughly and with as much market penetration as JRRT's LotR saga. That popularity helped drive the game, and thus, the hobby.

Traveller, for all its awesomeness, just didn't and wouldn't have had that same kind of synergy with a work of fiction as did D&D.

Perhaps Star Wars? Very likely the Star Wars fandom might have embraced Traveller a bit more, had it been slightly more prevalent by the absence of D&D.
 

A lot of people aren't aware of this, but Marc Miller has said he developed Traveller independently of D&D.

Now that you mentioned this, I remember reading about this as well. I agree that if D&D wasn't invented chances are Traveller would have been the first RPG.
 

Perhaps Star Wars? Very likely the Star Wars fandom might have embraced Traveller a bit more, had it been slightly more prevalent by the absence of D&D.

The difference is that the fiction with which D&D synergized- LotR- was first published in 1954. IOW, there was a 23 year old fanbase's collective yearning to tap into.

Star Wars came out in 1977...pretty much contemporaneously with the burgeoning RPG hobby. Traveller did tap into that vibe a little bit, but it was nowhere near as thematically or content linked to Star Wars to the same degree as D&D was to LotR. (Yes, there were other fantasy & horror sources D&D tapped into- Dying Earth, Conan, The Mythos, Fafhrd & Grey Mouser, Eternal Champion, etc., but the LotR influence is arguably the strongest.) After all, where D&D had its versions of Ents, Hobbits, Orcs and so forth, Traveller had no Jedi.

Go a different route like Star Trek? Trek wasn't as big then as it is now. The fanbase was just getting up to speed when Traveller came out. Again, no real massive collection of potential consumers to tap into.

In fact, the fact that Traveller owes more to the hard fiction of Asimov, Clark, Heinlein, etc. than to the space opera diminished that synergy...otherwise Traveller might have been a far bigger game than it was. Traveller is a great game, and I truly love it, but its popularity has always been...an acquired taste.

Heck, Sci-Fi RPGs still suffer in comparison with their FRPG cousins in terms of sales and the ease with which one can find a game.
 
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It's important to realize that Arneson was already known by reputation to Gygax... even without D&D, something similar could have sprung up. Further fantasy wargaming arose here and there with the idea of individual "hero" figures... things would have been different, but without Gygax there still would have been roleplaying and without Arneson, the hobby might have generated it anyway.
 

Perhaps Star Wars? Very likely the Star Wars fandom might have embraced Traveller a bit more, had it been slightly more prevalent by the absence of D&D.

If you applied the fantasy wargaming concept (heroic single figures) to superheroes, I'm pretty sure you get an RPG in very short order.
 

If you applied the fantasy wargaming concept (heroic single figures) to superheroes, I'm pretty sure you get an RPG in very short order.

That's a good point. Superheroes have a long history of fandom.

The problem in this case is that comics had just hit a full head of steam when they got derailed by Fredric Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent in 1954.

Readership dropped as comics got blamed for almost as many of society's sins as alcohol and the demon weed... Companies went under in droves as comics got plastered with the label "Subversive."

Now imagine trying to convince parents who grew up during that era that a game based on comics was good family fun, or simply safe for their kids.

D&D at least went through the Satanic Panic when it was established in the market. A Supers rpg being released in '77 would have been entering a market whose underlying inspiration was just recovering from having been savaged by sensationalism and fear.
 


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